§ 1396d. Definitions
For purposes of this subchapter—
(a)
Medical assistance
The term “medical assistance” means payment of part or all of the cost of the following care and services (if provided in or after the third month before the month in which the recipient makes application for assistance or, in the case of medicare cost-sharing with respect to a qualified medicare beneficiary described in subsection (p)(1) of this section, if provided after the month in which the individual becomes such a beneficiary) for individuals, and, with respect to physicians’ or dentists’ services, at the option of the State, to individuals (other than individuals with respect to whom there is being paid, or who are eligible, or would be eligible if they were not in a medical institution, to have paid with respect to them a State supplementary payment and are eligible for medical assistance equal in amount, duration, and scope to the medical assistance made available to individuals described in section
1396a
(a)(10)(A) of this title) not receiving aid or assistance under any plan of the State approved under subchapter I, X, XIV, or XVI of this chapter, or part A of subchapter IV of this chapter, and with respect to whom supplemental security income benefits are not being paid under subchapter XVI of this chapter, who are—
(i)
under the age of 21, or, at the option of the State, under the age of 20, 19, or 18 as the State may choose,
(ii)
relatives specified in section
606
(b)(1) [1] of this title with whom a child is living if such child is (or would, if needy, be) a dependent child under part A of subchapter IV of this chapter,
(iv)
blind, with respect to States eligible to participate in the State plan program established under subchapter XVI of this chapter,
(v)
18 years of age or older and permanently and totally disabled, with respect to States eligible to participate in the State plan program established under subchapter XVI of this chapter,
(vi)
persons essential (as described in the second sentence of this subsection) to individuals receiving aid or assistance under State plans approved under subchapter I, X, XIV, or XVI of this chapter,
(vii)
blind or disabled as defined in section
1382c of this title, with respect to States not eligible to participate in the State plan program established under subchapter XVI of this chapter,
(xii)
employed individuals with a medically improved disability (as defined in subsection (v) of this section), or
(xiii)
individuals described in section
1396a
(aa) [2] of this title,
but whose income and resources are insufficient to meet all of such cost—
(2)
(B)
consistent with State law permitting such services, rural health clinic services (as defined in subsection (l)(1) of this section) and any other ambulatory services which are offered by a rural health clinic (as defined in subsection (l)(1) of this section) and which are otherwise included in the plan, and
(4)
(A)
nursing facility services (other than services in an institution for mental diseases) for individuals 21 years of age or older;
(5)
(A)
physicians’ services furnished by a physician (as defined in section
1395x
(r)(1) of this title), whether furnished in the office, the patient’s home, a hospital, or a nursing facility, or elsewhere, and
(B)
medical and surgical services furnished by a dentist (described in section
1395x
(r)(2) of this title) to the extent such services may be performed under State law either by a doctor of medicine or by a doctor of dental surgery or dental medicine and would be described in clause (A) if furnished by a physician (as defined in section
1395x
(r)(1) of this title);
(6)
medical care, or any other type of remedial care recognized under State law, furnished by licensed practitioners within the scope of their practice as defined by State law;
(9)
clinic services furnished by or under the direction of a physician, without regard to whether the clinic itself is administered by a physician, including such services furnished outside the clinic by clinic personnel to an eligible individual who does not reside in a permanent dwelling or does not have a fixed home or mailing address;
(12)
prescribed drugs, dentures, and prosthetic devices; and eyeglasses prescribed by a physician skilled in diseases of the eye or by an optometrist, whichever the individual may select;
(13)
other diagnostic, screening, preventive, and rehabilitative services, including any medical or remedial services (provided in a facility, a home, or other setting) recommended by a physician or other licensed practitioner of the healing arts within the scope of their practice under State law, for the maximum reduction of physical or mental disability and restoration of an individual to the best possible functional level;
(14)
inpatient hospital services and nursing facility services for individuals 65 years of age or over in an institution for mental diseases;
(15)
services in an intermediate care facility for the mentally retarded (other than in an institution for mental diseases) for individuals who are determined, in accordance with section
1396a
(a)(31) of this title, to be in need of such care;
(16)
effective January 1, 1973, inpatient psychiatric hospital services for individuals under age 21, as defined in subsection (h) of this section;
(17)
services furnished by a nurse-midwife (as defined in section
1395x
(gg) of this title) which the nurse-midwife is legally authorized to perform under State law (or the State regulatory mechanism provided by State law), whether or not the nurse-midwife is under the supervision of, or associated with, a physician or other health care provider, and without regard to whether or not the services are performed in the area of management of the care of mothers and babies throughout the maternity cycle;
(19)
case management services (as defined in section
1396n
(g)(2) of this title) and TB-related services described in section
1396a
(z)(2)(F) of this title;
(21)
services furnished by a certified pediatric nurse practitioner or certified family nurse practitioner (as defined by the Secretary) which the certified pediatric nurse practitioner or certified family nurse practitioner is legally authorized to perform under State law (or the State regulatory mechanism provided by State law), whether or not the certified pediatric nurse practitioner or certified family nurse practitioner is under the supervision of, or associated with, a physician or other health care provider;
(22)
home and community care (to the extent allowed and as defined in section
1396t of this title) for functionally disabled elderly individuals;
(23)
community supported living arrangements services (to the extent allowed and as defined in section
1396u of this title);
(24)
personal care services furnished to an individual who is not an inpatient or resident of a hospital, nursing facility, intermediate care facility for the mentally retarded, or institution for mental disease that are
(A)
authorized for the individual by a physician in accordance with a plan of treatment or (at the option of the State) otherwise authorized for the individual in accordance with a service plan approved by the State,
(B)
provided by an individual who is qualified to provide such services and who is not a member of the individual’s family, and
(26)
services furnished under a PACE program under section
1396u–4 of this title to PACE program eligible individuals enrolled under the program under such section;
(27)
subject to subsection (x) of this section, primary and secondary medical strategies and treatment and services for individuals who have Sickle Cell Disease; and
(28)
any other medical care, and any other type of remedial care recognized under State law, specified by the Secretary,
except as otherwise provided in paragraph (16), such term does not include—
(A)
any such payments with respect to care or services for any individual who is an inmate of a public institution (except as a patient in a medical institution); or
(B)
any such payments with respect to care or services for any individual who has not attained 65 years of age and who is a patient in an institution for mental diseases.
For purposes of clause (vi) of the preceding sentence, a person shall be considered essential to another individual if such person is the spouse of and is living with such individual, the needs of such person are taken into account in determining the amount of aid or assistance furnished to such individual (under a State plan approved under subchapter I, X, XIV, or XVI of this chapter), and such person is determined, under such a State plan, to be essential to the well-being of such individual. The payment described in the first sentence may include expenditures for medicare cost-sharing and for premiums under part B of subchapter XVIII of this chapter for individuals who are eligible for medical assistance under the plan and
(A)
are receiving aid or assistance under any plan of the State approved under subchapter I, X, XIV, or XVI of this chapter, or part A of subchapter IV of this chapter, or with respect to whom supplemental security income benefits are being paid under subchapter XVI of this chapter, or
(B)
with respect to whom there is being paid a State supplementary payment and are eligible for medical assistance equal in amount, duration, and scope to the medical assistance made available to individuals described in section
1396a
(a)(10)(A) of this title, and, except in the case of individuals 65 years of age or older and disabled individuals entitled to health insurance benefits under subchapter XVIII of this chapter who are not enrolled under part B of subchapter XVIII of this chapter, other insurance premiums for medical or any other type of remedial care or the cost thereof. No service (including counseling) shall be excluded from the definition of “medical assistance” solely because it is provided as a treatment service for alcoholism or drug dependency.
(b)
Federal medical assistance percentage; State percentage; Indian health care percentage
Subject to section
1396u–3
(d) of this title, the term “Federal medical assistance percentage” for any State shall be 100 per centum less the State percentage; and the State percentage shall be that percentage which bears the same ratio to 45 per centum as the square of the per capita income of such State bears to the square of the per capita income of the continental United States (including Alaska) and Hawaii; except that
(1)
the Federal medical assistance percentage shall in no case be less than 50 per centum or more than 83 per centum,
(2)
the Federal medical assistance percentage for Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, and American Samoa shall be 50 per centum,
(3)
for purposes of this subchapter and subchapter XXI of this chapter, the Federal medical assistance percentage for the District of Columbia shall be 70 percent, and
(4)
the Federal medical assistance percentage shall be equal to the enhanced FMAP described in section
1397ee
(b) of this title with respect to medical assistance provided to individuals who are eligible for such assistance only on the basis of section
1396a
(a)(10)(A)(ii)(XVIII) of this title. The Federal medical assistance percentage for any State shall be determined and promulgated in accordance with the provisions of section
1301
(a)(8)(B) of this title. Notwithstanding the first sentence of this section, the Federal medical assistance percentage shall be 100 per centum with respect to amounts expended as medical assistance for services which are received through an Indian Health Service facility whether operated by the Indian Health Service or by an Indian tribe or tribal organization (as defined in section
1603 of title
25). Notwithstanding the first sentence of this subsection, in the case of a State plan that meets the condition described in subsection (u)(1) of this section, with respect to expenditures (other than expenditures under section
1396r–4 of this title) described in subsection (u)(2)(A) of this section or subsection (u)(3) of this section for the State for a fiscal year, and that do not exceed the amount of the State’s available allotment under section
1397dd of this title, the Federal medical assistance percentage is equal to the enhanced FMAP described in section
1397ee
(b) of this title.
(d)
Intermediate care facility for mentally retarded
The term “intermediate care facility for the mentally retarded” means an institution (or distinct part thereof) for the mentally retarded or persons with related conditions if—
(1)
the primary purpose of such institution (or distinct part thereof) is to provide health or rehabilitative services for mentally retarded individuals and the institution meets such standards as may be prescribed by the Secretary;
(2)
the mentally retarded individual with respect to whom a request for payment is made under a plan approved under this subchapter is receiving active treatment under such a program; and
(3)
in the case of a public institution, the State or political subdivision responsible for the operation of such institution has agreed that the non-Federal expenditures in any calendar quarter prior to January 1, 1975, with respect to services furnished to patients in such institution (or distinct part thereof) in the State will not, because of payments made under this subchapter, be reduced below the average amount expended for such services in such institution in the four quarters immediately preceding the quarter in which the State in which such institution is located elected to make such services available under its plan approved under this subchapter.
(e)
Physicians’ services
In the case of any State the State plan of which (as approved under this subchapter)—
(1)
does not provide for the payment of services (other than services covered under section
1396a
(a)(12) of this title) provided by an optometrist; but
the term “physicians’ services” (as used in subsection (a)(5) of this section) shall include services of the type which an optometrist is legally authorized to perform where the State plan specifically provides that the term “physicians’ services”, as employed in such plan, includes services of the type which an optometrist is legally authorized to perform, and shall be reimbursed whether furnished by a physician or an optometrist.
(f)
Nursing facility services
For purposes of this subchapter, the term “nursing facility services” means services which are or were required to be given an individual who needs or needed on a daily basis nursing care (provided directly by or requiring the supervision of nursing personnel) or other rehabilitation services which as a practical matter can only be provided in a nursing facility on an inpatient basis.
(g)
Chiropractors’ services
If the State plan includes provision of chiropractors’ services, such services include only—
(h)
Inpatient psychiatric hospital services for individuals under age 21
(1)
For purposes of paragraph (16) of subsection (a) of this section, the term “inpatient psychiatric hospital services for individuals under age 21” includes only—
(A)
inpatient services which are provided in an institution (or distinct part thereof) which is a psychiatric hospital as defined in section
1395x
(f) of this title or in another inpatient setting that the Secretary has specified in regulations;
(B)
inpatient services which, in the case of any individual
(i)
involve active treatment which meets such standards as may be prescribed in regulations by the Secretary, and
(ii)
a team, consisting of physicians and other personnel qualified to make determinations with respect to mental health conditions and the treatment thereof, has determined are necessary on an inpatient basis and can reasonably be expected to improve the condition, by reason of which such services are necessary, to the extent that eventually such services will no longer be necessary; and
(2)
Such term does not include services provided during any calendar quarter under the State plan of any State if the total amount of the funds expended, during such quarter, by the State (and the political subdivisions thereof) from non-Federal funds for inpatient services included under paragraph (1), and for active psychiatric care and treatment provided on an outpatient basis for eligible mentally ill children, is less than the average quarterly amount of the funds expended, during the 4-quarter period ending December 31, 1971, by the State (and the political subdivisions thereof) from non-Federal funds for such services.
(i)
Institution for mental diseases
The term “institution for mental diseases” means a hospital, nursing facility, or other institution of more than 16 beds, that is primarily engaged in providing diagnosis, treatment, or care of persons with mental diseases, including medical attention, nursing care, and related services.
(j)
State supplementary payment
The term “State supplementary payment” means any cash payment made by a State on a regular basis to an individual who is receiving supplemental security income benefits under subchapter XVI of this chapter or who would but for his income be eligible to receive such benefits, as assistance based on need in supplementation of such benefits (as determined by the Commissioner of Social Security), but only to the extent that such payments are made with respect to an individual with respect to whom supplemental security income benefits are payable under subchapter XVI of this chapter, or would but for his income be payable under that subchapter.
(k)
Supplemental security income benefits
Increased supplemental security income benefits payable pursuant to section 211 of Public Law 93–66 shall not be considered supplemental security income benefits payable under subchapter XVI of this chapter.
(l)
Rural health clinics
(1)
The terms “rural health clinic services” and “rural health clinic” have the meanings given such terms in section
1395x
(aa) of this title, except that
(B)
the physician arrangement required under section
1395x
(aa)(2)(B) of this title shall only apply with respect to rural health clinic services and, with respect to other ambulatory care services, the physician arrangement required shall be only such as may be required under the State plan for those services.
(2)
(A)
The term “Federally-qualified health center services” means services of the type described in subparagraphs (A) through (C) of section
1395x
(aa)(1) of this title when furnished to an individual as an [3] patient of a Federally-qualified health center and, for this purpose, any reference to a rural health clinic or a physician described in section
1395x
(aa)(2)(B) of this title is deemed a reference to a Federally-qualified health center or a physician at the center, respectively.
(B)
The term “Federally-qualified health center” means an entity which—
(iii)
based on the recommendation of the Health Resources and Services Administration within the Public Health Service, is determined by the Secretary to meet the requirements for receiving such a grant, including requirements of the Secretary that an entity may not be owned, controlled, or operated by another entity, or
(iv)
was treated by the Secretary, for purposes of part B of subchapter XVIII of this chapter, as a comprehensive Federally funded health center as of January 1, 1990;
and includes an outpatient health program or facility operated by a tribe or tribal organization under the Indian Self-Determination Act (Public Law 93–638) [25 U.S.C. 450f et seq.] or by an urban Indian organization receiving funds under title V of the Indian Health Care Improvement Act [25 U.S.C. 1651 et seq.] for the provision of primary health services. In applying clause (ii),[4] the Secretary may waive any requirement referred to in such clause for up to 2 years for good cause shown.
(m)
Qualified family member
(1)
Subject to paragraph (2), the term “qualified family member” means an individual (other than a qualified pregnant woman or child, as defined in subsection (n) of this section) who is a member of a family that would be receiving aid under the State plan under part A of subchapter IV of this chapter pursuant to section
607 [5] of this title if the State had not exercised the option under section
607
(b)(2)(B)(i) [5] of this title.
(n)
“Qualified pregnant woman or child” defined
The term “qualified pregnant woman or child” means—
(1)
a pregnant woman who—
(A)
would be eligible for aid to families with dependent children under part A of subchapter IV of this chapter (or would be eligible for such aid if coverage under the State plan under part A of subchapter IV of this chapter included aid to families with dependent children of unemployed parents pursuant to section
607 of this title) if her child had been born and was living with her in the month such aid would be paid, and such pregnancy has been medically verified;
(B)
is a member of a family which would be eligible for aid under the State plan under part A of subchapter IV of this chapter pursuant to section
607 of this title if the plan required the payment of aid pursuant to such section; or
(o)
Optional hospice benefits
(1)
(A)
Subject to subparagraph (B), the term “hospice care” means the care described in section
1395x
(dd)(1) of this title furnished by a hospice program (as defined in section
1395x
(dd)(2) of this title) to a terminally ill individual who has voluntarily elected (in accordance with paragraph (2)) to have payment made for hospice care instead of having payment made for certain benefits described in section
1395d
(d)(2)(A) of this title and for which payment may otherwise be made under subchapter XVIII of this chapter and intermediate care facility services under the plan. For purposes of such election, hospice care may be provided to an individual while such individual is a resident of a skilled nursing facility or intermediate care facility, but the only payment made under the State plan shall be for the hospice care.
(B)
For purposes of this subchapter, with respect to the definition of hospice program under section
1395x
(dd)(2) of this title, the Secretary may allow an agency or organization to make the assurance under subparagraph (A)(iii) of such section without taking into account any individual who is afflicted with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
(2)
An individual’s voluntary election under this subsection—
(A)
shall be made in accordance with procedures that are established by the State and that are consistent with the procedures established under section
1395d
(d)(2) of this title;
(3)
In the case of an individual—
(A)
who is residing in a nursing facility or intermediate care facility for the mentally retarded and is receiving medical assistance for services in such facility under the plan,
(B)
who is entitled to benefits under part A of subchapter XVIII of this chapter and has elected, under section
1395d
(d) of this title, to receive hospice care under such part, and
(C)
with respect to whom the hospice program under such subchapter and the nursing facility or intermediate care facility for the mentally retarded have entered into a written agreement under which the program takes full responsibility for the professional management of the individual’s hospice care and the facility agrees to provide room and board to the individual,
instead of any payment otherwise made under the plan with respect to the facility’s services, the State shall provide for payment to the hospice program of an amount equal to the additional amount determined in section
1396a
(a)(13)(B) of this title and, if the individual is an individual described in section
1396a
(a)(10)(A) of this title, shall provide for payment of any coinsurance amounts imposed under section
1395e
(a)(4) of this title.
(p)
Qualified medicare beneficiary; medicare cost-sharing
(1)
The term “qualified medicare beneficiary” means an individual—
(A)
who is entitled to hospital insurance benefits under part A of subchapter XVIII of this chapter (including an individual entitled to such benefits pursuant to an enrollment under section
1395i–2 of this title, but not including an individual entitled to such benefits only pursuant to an enrollment under section
1395i–2a of this title),
(B)
whose income (as determined under section
1382a of this title for purposes of the supplemental security income program, except as provided in paragraph (2)(D)) does not exceed an income level established by the State consistent with paragraph (2), and
(C)
whose resources (as determined under section
1382b of this title for purposes of the supplemental security income program) do not exceed twice the maximum amount of resources that an individual may have and obtain benefits under that program or, effective beginning with January 1, 2010, whose resources (as so determined) do not exceed the maximum resource level applied for the year under subparagraph (D) of section
1395w–114
(a)(3) of this title (determined without regard to the life insurance policy exclusion provided under subparagraph (G) of such section) applicable to an individual or to the individual and the individual’s spouse (as the case may be).
(2)
(A)
The income level established under paragraph (1)(B) shall be at least the percent provided under subparagraph (B) (but not more than 100 percent) of the official poverty line (as defined by the Office of Management and Budget, and revised annually in accordance with section
9902
(2) of this title) applicable to a family of the size involved.
(B)
Except as provided in subparagraph (C), the percent provided under this clause, with respect to eligibility for medical assistance on or after—
(C)
In the case of a State which has elected treatment under section
1396a
(f) of this title and which, as of January 1, 1987, used an income standard for individuals age 65 or older which was more restrictive than the income standard established under the supplemental security income program under subchapter XVI of this chapter, the percent provided under subparagraph (B), with respect to eligibility for medical assistance on or after—
(D)
(i)
In determining under this subsection the income of an individual who is entitled to monthly insurance benefits under subchapter II of this chapter for a transition month (as defined in clause (ii)) in a year, such income shall not include any amounts attributable to an increase in the level of monthly insurance benefits payable under such subchapter which have occurred pursuant to section
415
(i) of this title for benefits payable for months beginning with December of the previous year.
(3)
The term “medicare cost-sharing” means (subject to section
1396a
(n)(2) of this title) the following costs incurred with respect to a qualified medicare beneficiary, without regard to whether the costs incurred were for items and services for which medical assistance is otherwise available under the plan:
(B)
Coinsurance under subchapter XVIII of this chapter (including coinsurance described in section
1395e of this title).
(C)
Deductibles established under subchapter XVIII of this chapter (including those described in section
1395e of this title and section
1395l
(b) of this title).
(D)
The difference between the amount that is paid under section
1395l
(a) of this title and the amount that would be paid under such section if any reference to “80 percent” therein were deemed a reference to “100 percent”.
Such term also may include, at the option of a State, premiums for enrollment of a qualified medicare beneficiary with an eligible organization under section
1395mm of this title.
(4)
Notwithstanding any other provision of this subchapter, in the case of a State (other than the 50 States and the District of Columbia)—
(B)
for purposes of paragraph (2), the State may substitute for the percent provided under subparagraph (B) [7] or [8] 1396a(a)(10)(E)(iii) of this title of such paragraph [7] any percent.
In the case of any State which is providing medical assistance to its residents under a waiver granted under section
1315 of this title, the Secretary shall require the State to meet the requirement of section
1396a
(a)(10)(E) of this title in the same manner as the State would be required to meet such requirement if the State had in effect a plan approved under this subchapter.