§ 6313. Standards
(a)
Small, large, and very large commercial package air conditioning and heating equipment, packaged terminal air conditioners and heat pumps, warm-air furnaces, packaged boilers, storage water heaters, instantaneous water heaters, and unfired hot water storage tanks
(1)
Each small commercial package air conditioning and heating equipment (including single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps) manufactured on or after January 1, 1994, shall meet the following standard levels:
(A)
The minimum seasonal energy efficiency ratio of air-cooled three-phase electric central air conditioners and central air conditioning heat pumps less than 65,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity), split systems, shall be 10.0.
(B)
The minimum seasonal energy efficiency ratio of air-cooled three-phase electric central air conditioners and central air conditioning heat pumps less than 65,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity), single package, shall be 9.7.
(C)
The minimum energy efficiency ratio of air-cooled central air conditioners and central air conditioning heat pumps at or above 65,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity) and less than 135,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity) shall be 8.9 (at a standard rating of 95 degrees F db).
(D)
The minimum heating seasonal performance factor of air-cooled three-phase electric central air conditioning heat pumps less than 65,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity), split systems, shall be 6.8.
(E)
The minimum heating seasonal performance factor of air-cooled three-phase electric central air conditioning heat pumps less than 65,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity), single package, shall be 6.6.
(F)
The minimum coefficient of performance in the heating mode of air-cooled central air conditioning heat pumps at or above 65,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity) and less than 135,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity) shall be 3.0 (at a high temperature rating of 47 degrees F db).
(G)
The minimum energy efficiency ratio of water-cooled, evaporatively-cooled and water-source central air conditioners and central air conditioning heat pumps less than 65,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity) shall be 9.3 (at a standard rating of 95 degrees F db, outdoor temperature for evaporatively cooled equipment, and 85 degrees Fahrenheit entering water temperature for water-source and water-cooled equipment).
(H)
The minimum energy efficiency ratio of water-cooled, evaporatively-cooled and water-source central air conditioners and central air conditioning heat pumps at or above 65,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity) and less than 135,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity) shall be 10.5 (at a standard rating of 95 degrees F db, outdoor temperature for evaporatively cooled equipment, and 85 degrees Fahrenheit entering water temperature for water source and water-cooled equipment).
(2)
Each large commercial package air conditioning and heating equipment (including single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps) manufactured on or after January 1, 1995, but before January 1, 2010, shall meet the following standard levels:
(A)
The minimum energy efficiency ratio of air-cooled central air conditioners and central air conditioning heat pumps at or above 135,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity) and less than 240,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity) shall be 8.5 (at a standard rating of 95 degrees F db).
(3)
Each packaged terminal air conditioner and packaged terminal heat pump manufactured on or after January 1, 1994, shall meet the following standard levels:
(A)
The minimum energy efficiency ratio (EER) of packaged terminal air conditioners and packaged terminal heat pumps in the cooling mode shall be 10.0 — (0.16 x Capacity [in thousands of Btu per hour at a standard rating of 95 degrees F db, outdoor temperature]). If a unit has a capacity of less than 7,000 Btu per hour, then 7,000 Btu per hour shall be used in the calculation. If a unit has a capacity of greater than 15,000 Btu per hour, then 15,000 Btu per hour shall be used in the calculation.
(4)
Each warm air furnace and packaged boiler manufactured on or after January 1, 1994, shall meet the following standard levels:
(A)
The minimum thermal efficiency at the maximum rated capacity of gas-fired warm-air furnaces with capacity of 225,000 Btu per hour or more shall be 80 percent.
(B)
The minimum thermal efficiency at the maximum rated capacity of oil-fired warm-air furnaces with capacity of 225,000 Btu per hour or more shall be 81 percent.
(5)
Each storage water heater, instantaneous water heater, and unfired water storage tank manufactured on or after January 1, 1994, shall meet the following standard levels:
(A)
Except as provided in subparagraph (G), the maximum standby loss, in percent per hour, of electric storage water heaters shall be 0.30 + (27/Measured Storage Volume [in gallons]).
(B)
Except as provided in subparagraph (G), the maximum standby loss, in percent per hour, of gas- and oil-fired storage water heaters with input ratings of 155,000 Btu per hour or less shall be 1.30 + (114/Measured Storage Volume [in gallons]). The minimum thermal efficiency of such units shall be 78 percent.
(C)
Except as provided in subparagraph (G), the maximum standby loss, in percent per hour, of gas- and oil-fired storage water heaters with input ratings of more than 155,000 Btu per hour shall be 1.30 + (95/Measured Storage Volume [in gallons]). The minimum thermal efficiency of such units shall be 78 percent.
(D)
The minimum thermal efficiency of instantaneous water heaters with a storage volume of less than 10 gallons shall be 80 percent.
(E)
Except as provided in subparagraph (G), the minimum thermal efficiency of instantaneous water heaters with a storage volume of 10 gallons or more shall be 77 percent. The maximum standby loss, in percent/hour, of such units shall be 2.30 + (67/Measured Storage Volume [in gallons]).
(F)
Except as provided in subparagraph (G), the maximum heat loss of unfired hot water storage tanks shall be 6.5 Btu per hour per square foot of tank surface area.
(G)
Storage water heaters and hot water storage tanks having more than 140 gallons of storage capacity need not meet the standby loss or heat loss requirements specified in subparagraphs (A) through (C) and subparagraphs (E) and (F) if the tank surface area is thermally insulated to R–12.5 and if a standing pilot light is not used.
(6)
Amended energy efficiency standards.—
(A)
In general.—
(i)
Analysis of potential energy savings.—
If ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1 is amended with respect to any small commercial package air conditioning and heating equipment, large commercial package air conditioning and heating equipment, very large commercial package air conditioning and heating equipment, packaged terminal air conditioners, packaged terminal heat pumps, warm-air furnaces, packaged boilers, storage water heaters, instantaneous water heaters, or unfired hot water storage tanks, not later than 180 days after the amendment of the standard, the Secretary shall publish in the Federal Register for public comment an analysis of the energy savings potential of amended energy efficiency standards.
(ii)
Amended uniform national standard for products.—
(I)
In general.—
Except as provided in subclause (II), not later than 18 months after the date of publication of the amendment to the ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1 for a product described in clause (i), the Secretary shall establish an amended uniform national standard for the product at the minimum level specified in the amended ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1.
(II)
More stringent standard.—
Subclause (I) shall not apply if the Secretary determines, by rule published in the Federal Register, and supported by clear and convincing evidence, that adoption of a uniform national standard more stringent than the amended ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1 for the product would result in significant additional conservation of energy and is technologically feasible and economically justified.
(B)
Rule.—
If the Secretary makes a determination described in clause (ii)(II) [1] for a product described in clause (i),[1] not later than 30 months after the date of publication of the amendment to the ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1 for the product, the Secretary shall issue the rule establishing the amended standard.
(iii)
[2] Consideration of prices and operating patterns.—If the Secretary is considering revised standards for air-cooled 3-phase central air conditioners and central air conditioning heat pumps with less [3] 65,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity), the Secretary shall use commercial energy prices and operating patterns in all analyses conducted by the Secretary.
(C)
Amendment of standard.—
(i)
In general.—
Not later than 6 years after issuance of any final rule establishing or amending a standard, as required for a product under this part, the Secretary shall publish—
(iii)
Amendment of standard; new determination.—
(iv)
Application to products.—
An amendment prescribed under this subsection shall apply to products manufactured after a date that is the later of—
(v)
Reports.—
The Secretary shall promptly submit to the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate a progress report every 180 days on compliance with this subparagraph, including a specific plan to remedy any failures to comply with deadlines for action established under this subparagraph.
(D)
A standard amended by the Secretary under this paragraph shall become effective for products manufactured—
(i)
with respect to small commercial package air conditioning and heating equipment, packaged terminal air conditioners, packaged terminal heat pumps, warm-air furnaces, packaged boilers, storage water heaters, instantaneous water heaters, and unfired hot water storage tanks, on or after a date which is two years after the effective date of the applicable minimum energy efficiency requirement in the amended ASHRAE/IES standard referred to in subparagraph (A); and
(ii)
with respect to large commercial package air conditioning and heating equipment and very large commercial package air conditioning and heating equipment, on or after a date which is three years after the effective date of the applicable minimum energy efficiency requirement in the amended ASHRAE/IES standard referred to in subparagraph (A);
except that an energy conservation standard amended by the Secretary pursuant to a rule under subparagraph (B) shall become effective for products manufactured on or after a date which is four years after the date such rule is published in the Federal Register.
(7)
Small commercial package air conditioning and heating equipment (other than single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps) shall meet the following standards:
(A)
For equipment manufactured on or after January 1, 2010, the minimum energy efficiency ratio of air-cooled central air conditioners at or above 65,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity) and less than 135,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity) shall be—
(B)
For equipment manufactured on or after January 1, 2010, the minimum energy efficiency ratio of air-cooled central air conditioner heat pumps at or above 65,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity) and less than 135,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity) shall be—
(C)
For equipment manufactured on or after January 1, 2010, the minimum coefficient of performance in the heating mode of air-cooled central air conditioning heat pumps at or above 65,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity) and less than 135,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity) shall be 3.3 (at a high temperature rating of 47 degrees F db).
(D)
For equipment manufactured on or after the later of January 1, 2008, or the date that is 180 days after December 19, 2007—
(i)
the minimum seasonal energy efficiency ratio of air-cooled 3-phase electric central air conditioners and central air conditioning heat pumps less than 65,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity), split systems, shall be 13.0;
(ii)
the minimum seasonal energy efficiency ratio of air-cooled 3-phase electric central air conditioners and central air conditioning heat pumps less than 65,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity), single package, shall be 13.0;
(8)
Large commercial package air conditioning and heating equipment (other than single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps) manufactured on or after January 1, 2010, shall meet the following standards:
(A)
The minimum energy efficiency ratio of air-cooled central air conditioners at or above 135,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity) and less than 240,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity) shall be—
(9)
Very large commercial package air conditioning and heating equipment (other than single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps) manufactured on or after January 1, 2010, shall meet the following standards:
(A)
The minimum energy efficiency ratio of air-cooled central air conditioners at or above 240,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity) and less than 760,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity) shall be—
(10)
Single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps.—
(A)
In general.—
Single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps manufactured on or after January 1, 2010, shall meet the following standards:
(i)
The minimum energy efficiency ratio of single package vertical air conditioners less than 65,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity), single-phase, shall be 9.0.
(ii)
The minimum energy efficiency ratio of single package vertical air conditioners less than 65,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity), 3-phase, shall be 9.0.
(iii)
The minimum energy efficiency ratio of single package vertical air conditioners at or above 65,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity) but less than 135,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity), shall be 8.9.
(iv)
The minimum energy efficiency ratio of single package vertical air conditioners at or above 135,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity) but less than 240,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity), shall be 8.6.
(v)
The minimum energy efficiency ratio of single package vertical heat pumps less than 65,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity), single-phase, shall be 9.0 and the minimum coefficient of performance in the heating mode shall be 3.0.
(vi)
The minimum energy efficiency ratio of single package vertical heat pumps less than 65,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity), 3-phase, shall be 9.0 and the minimum coefficient of performance in the heating mode shall be 3.0.
(B)
Review.—
Not later than 3 years after December 19, 2007, the Secretary shall review the most recently published ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1 with respect to single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps in accordance with the procedures established under paragraph (6).
(b)
Electric motors
(1)
Except for definite purpose motors, special purpose motors, and those motors exempted by the Secretary under paragraph (2), each electric motor manufactured (alone or as a component of another piece of equipment) after the 60-month period beginning on October 24, 1992, or in the case of an electric motor which requires listing or certification by a nationally recognized safety testing laboratory, after the 84-month period beginning on October 24, 1992, shall have a nominal full load efficiency of not less than the following:
Number of poles | Nominal Full-Load Efficiency | Open Motors | 6 | 4 | 2 | Closed Motors | 6 | 4 | 2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Motor Horsepower | |||||||||
1 | 80.0 | 82.5 | 80.0 | 82.5 | 75.5 | ||||
1.5 | 84.0 | 84.0 | 82.5 | 85.5 | 84.0 | 82.5 | |||
2 | 85.5 | 84.0 | 84.0 | 86.5 | 84.0 | 84.0 | |||
3 | 86.5 | 86.5 | 84.0 | 87.5 | 87.5 | 85.5 | |||
5 | 87.5 | 87.5 | 85.5 | 87.5 | 87.5 | 87.5 | |||
7.5 | 88.5 | 88.5 | 87.5 | 89.5 | 89.5 | 88.5 | |||
10 | 90.2 | 89.5 | 88.5 | 89.5 | 89.5 | 89.5 | |||
15 | 90.2 | 91.0 | 89.5 | 90.2 | 91.0 | 90.2 | |||
20 | 91.0 | 91.0 | 90.2 | 90.2 | 91.0 | 90.2 | |||
25 | 91.7 | 91.7 | 91.0 | 91.7 | 92.4 | 91.0 | |||
30 | 92.4 | 92.4 | 91.0 | 91.7 | 92.4 | 91.0 | |||
40 | 93.0 | 93.0 | 91.7 | 93.0 | 93.0 | 91.7 | |||
50 | 93.0 | 93.0 | 92.4 | 93.0 | 93.0 | 92.4 | |||
60 | 93.6 | 93.6 | 93.0 | 93.6 | 93.6 | 93.0 | |||
75 | 93.6 | 94.1 | 93.0 | 93.6 | 94.1 | 93.0 | |||
100 | 94.1 | 94.1 | 93.0 | 94.1 | 94.5 | 93.6 | |||
125 | 94.1 | 94.5 | 93.6 | 94.1 | 94.5 | 94.5 | |||
150 | 94.5 | 95.0 | 93.6 | 95.0 | 95.0 | 94.5 | |||
200 | 94.5 | 95.0 | 94.5 | 95.0 | 95.0 | 95.0 |
(2)
(A)
The Secretary may, by rule, provide that the standards specified in paragraph (1) shall not apply to certain types or classes of electric motors if—
(B)
Not later than one year after October 24, 1992, a manufacturer seeking an exemption under this paragraph with respect to a type or class of electric motor developed on or before October 24, 1992, shall submit a petition to the Secretary requesting such exemption. Such petition shall include evidence that the type or class of motor meets the criteria for exemption specified in subparagraph (A).
(3)
(A)
The Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than the end of the 24-month period beginning on the effective date of the standards established under paragraph (1) to determine if such standards should be amended. Such rule shall provide that any amendment shall apply to electric motors manufactured on or after a date which is five years after the effective date of the standards established under paragraph (1).
(c)
Commercial refrigerators, freezers, and refrigerator-freezers
(1)
In this subsection:
(A)
The term “AV” means the adjusted volume (ft[3]) (defined as 1.63 x frozen temperature compartment volume (ft[3]) + chilled temperature compartment volume (ft[3])) with compartment volumes measured in accordance with the Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers Standard HRF1–1979.
(B)
The term “V” means the chilled or frozen compartment volume (ft[3]) (as defined in the Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers Standard HRF1–1979).
(2)
Each commercial refrigerator, freezer, and refrigerator-freezer with a self-contained condensing unit designed for holding temperature applications manufactured on or after January 1, 2010, shall have a daily energy consumption (in kilowatt hours per day) that does not exceed the following:
Refrigerators with solid doors | 0.10 V + 2.04 |
Refrigerators with transparent doors | 0.12 V + 3.34 |
Freezers with solid doors | 0.40 V + 1.38 |
Freezers with transparent doors | 0.75 V + 4.10 |
Refrigerators/freezers with solid doors the greater of | 0.27 AV – 0.71 or 0.70. |
(3)
Each commercial refrigerator with a self-contained condensing unit designed for pull-down temperature applications and transparent doors manufactured on or after January 1, 2010, shall have a daily energy consumption (in kilowatt hours per day) of not more than 0.126 V + 3.51.
(4)
(A)
Not later than January 1, 2009, the Secretary shall issue, by rule, standard levels for ice-cream freezers, self-contained commercial refrigerators, freezers, and refrigerator-freezers without doors, and remote condensing commercial refrigerators, freezers, and refrigerator-freezers, with the standard levels effective for equipment manufactured on or after January 1, 2012.
(5)
(A)
Not later than January 1, 2013, the Secretary shall issue a final rule to determine whether the standards established under this subsection should be amended.
(B)
Not later than 3 years after the effective date of any amended standards under subparagraph (A) or the publication of a final rule determining that the standards should not be amended, the Secretary shall issue a final rule to determine whether the standards established under this subsection or the amended standards, as applicable, should be amended.
(d)
Automatic commercial ice makers
(1)
Each automatic commercial ice maker that produces cube type ice with capacities between 50 and 2500 pounds per 24-hour period when tested according to the test standard established in section
6314
(a)(7) of this title and is manufactured on or after January 1, 2010, shall meet the following standard levels:
Equipment Type | Type of Cooling | Harvest Rate (lbs ice/24 hours) | Maximum Energy Use (kWh/100 lbs Ice) | Maximum Condenser Water Use (gal/100 lbs Ice) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ice Making Head | Water | 500 | 7.80–0.0055H | 200–0.022H |
500 and 1436 | 5.58–0.0011H | 200–0.022H | ||
1436 | 4.0 | 200–0.022H | ||
Ice Making Head | Air | 450 | 10.26–0.0086H | Not Applicable |
450 | 6.89–0.0011H | Not Applicable | ||
Remote Condensing (but not remote compressor) | Air | 1000 | 8.85–0.0038H | Not Applicable |
1000 | 5.10 | Not Applicable | ||
Remote Condensing and Remote Compressor | Air | 934 | 8.85–0.0038H | Not Applicable |
934 | 5.3 | Not Applicable | ||
Self Contained | Water | 200 | 11.40–0.019H | 191–0.0315H |
200 | 7.60 | 191–0.0315H | ||
Self Contained | Air | 175 | 18.0–0.0469H | Not Applicable |
175 | 9.80 | Not Applicable | ||
H = Harvest rate in pounds per 24 hours. | ||||
Water use is for the condenser only and does not include potable water used to make ice. |
(2)
(A)
The Secretary may issue, by rule, standard levels for types of automatic commercial ice makers that are not covered by paragraph (1).
(3)
(A)
Not later than January 1, 2015, with respect to the standards established under paragraph (1), and, with respect to the standards established under paragraph (2), not later than 5 years after the date on which the standards take effect, the Secretary shall issue a final rule to determine whether amending the applicable standards is technologically feasible and economically justified.
(B)
Not later than 5 years after the effective date of any amended standards under subparagraph (A) or the publication of a final rule determining that amending the standards is not technologically feasible or economically justified, the Secretary shall issue a final rule to determine whether amending the standards established under paragraph (1) or the amended standards, as applicable, is technologically feasible or economically justified.
(4)
A final rule issued under paragraph (2) or (3) shall establish standards at the maximum level that is technically feasible and economically justified, as provided in subsections (o) and (p) of section
6295 of this title.
(e)
Commercial clothes washers
(2)
(A)
(f)
Walk-in coolers and walk-in freezers
(1)
In general
Subject to paragraphs (2) through (5), each walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer manufactured on or after January 1, 2009, shall—
(A)
have automatic door closers that firmly close all walk-in doors that have been closed to within 1 inch of full closure, except that this subparagraph shall not apply to doors wider than 3 feet 9 inches or taller than 7 feet;
(B)
have strip doors, spring hinged doors, or other method of minimizing infiltration when doors are open;
(C)
contain wall, ceiling, and door insulation of at least R–25 for coolers and R–32 for freezers, except that this subparagraph shall not apply to glazed portions of doors nor to structural members;
(G)
for all interior lights, use light sources with an efficacy of 40 lumens per watt or more, including ballast losses (if any), except that light sources with an efficacy of 40 lumens per watt or less, including ballast losses (if any), may be used in conjunction with a timer or device that turns off the lights within 15 minutes of when the walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer is not occupied by people.
(2)
Electronically commutated motors
(A)
In general
The requirements of paragraph (1)(E)(i) for electronically commutated motors shall take effect January 1, 2009, unless, prior to that date, the Secretary determines that such motors are only available from 1 manufacturer.
(3)
Additional specifications
Each walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer with transparent reach-in doors manufactured on or after January 1, 2009, shall also meet the following specifications:
(A)
Transparent reach-in doors for walk-in freezers and windows in walk-in freezer doors shall be of triple-pane glass with either heat-reflective treated glass or gas fill.
(C)
If the appliance has an antisweat heater without antisweat heat controls, the appliance shall have a total door rail, glass, and frame heater power draw of not more than 7.1 watts per square foot of door opening (for freezers) and 3.0 watts per square foot of door opening (for coolers).
(D)
If the appliance has an antisweat heater with antisweat heat controls, and the total door rail, glass, and frame heater power draw is more than 7.1 watts per square foot of door opening (for freezers) and 3.0 watts per square foot of door opening (for coolers), the antisweat heat controls shall reduce the energy use of the antisweat heater in a quantity corresponding to the relative humidity in the air outside the door or to the condensation on the inner glass pane.
(4)
Performance-based standards
(A)
In general
Not later than January 1, 2012, the Secretary shall publish performance-based standards for walk-in coolers and walk-in freezers that achieve the maximum improvement in energy that the Secretary determines is technologically feasible and economically justified.
(5)
Amendment of standards
(A)
In general
Not later than January 1, 2020, the Secretary shall publish a final rule to determine if the standards established under paragraph (4) should be amended.
[1] See References in Text note below.
[2] So in original. No cls. (i) and (ii) have been enacted.
[3] So in original. Probably should be followed by “than”.