U.S. Code > Title 42 The Public Health and Welfare > CHAPTER 77—ENERGY CONSERVATION > SUBCHAPTER III—IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY > Part A—Energy Conservation Program for Consumer Products Other Than Automobiles > § 6295. Energy conservation standards

§ 6295. Energy conservation standards

(a) Purposes
The purposes of this section are to—
(1) provide Federal energy conservation standards applicable to covered products; and
(2) authorize the Secretary to prescribe amended or new energy conservation standards for each type (or class) of covered product.
(b) Standards for refrigerators, refrigerator-freezers, and freezers
(1) The following is the maximum energy use allowed in kilowatt hours per year for the following products (other than those described in paragraph (2)) manufactured on or after January 1, 1990:

 
Energy Standards Equations
Refrigerators and Refrigerator-Freezers with manual defrost 16.3 AV+316
Refrigerator-Freezers—partial automatic defrost 21.8 AV+429
Refrigerator-Freezers—automatic defrost with:
Top mounted freezer without ice 23.5 AV+471
Side mounted freezer without ice 27.7 AV+488
Bottom mounted freezer without ice 27.7 AV+488
Top mounted freezer with through the door ice service 26.4 AV+535
Side mounted freezer with through the door ice 30.9 AV+547
Upright Freezers with:
Manual defrost 10.9 AV+422
Automatic defrost 16.0 AV+623
Chest Freezers and all other freezers 14.8 AV+223

(2) The standards described in paragraph (1) do not apply to refrigerators and refrigerator-freezers with total refrigerated volume exceeding 39 cubic feet or freezers with total refrigerated volume exceeding 30 cubic feet.
(3)
(A)
(i) The Secretary shall publish a proposed rule, no later than July 1, 1988, to determine if the standards established by paragraph (1) should be amended. The Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than July 1, 1989, which shall contain such amendment, if any, and provide that the amendment shall apply to products manufactured on or after January 1, 1993. If such a final rule is not published before January 1, 1990, any amendment of such standards shall apply to products manufactured on or after January 1, 1995. Nothing in this subsection provides any justification or defense for a failure by the Secretary to comply with the nondiscretionary duty to publish final rules by the dates stated in this paragraph.
(ii)
(I) If the Secretary does not publish a final rule before January 1, 1990, relating to the revision of the energy conservation standards for refrigerators, refrigerator-freezers and freezers, the regulations which established standards for such products and were promulgated by the California Energy Commission on December 14, 1984, to be effective January 1, 1992 (or any amendments to such standards that are not more stringent than the standards in the original regulations), shall apply in California to such products, effective beginning January 1, 1993, and shall not be preempted after such effective date by any energy conservation standard established in this section or prescribed, on or after January 1, 1990, under this section.
(II) If the Secretary does not publish a final rule before January 1, 1992, relating to the revision of the energy conservation standards for refrigerators, refrigerator-freezers and freezers, State regulations which apply to such products manufactured on or after January 1, 1995, shall apply to such products until the effective date of a rule issued under this section with respect to such products.
(B) After the publication of a final rule under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than five years after the date of publication of the previous final rule. The Secretary shall determine in such rule whether to amend the standards in effect for the products described in paragraph (1).
(C) Any amendment prescribed under subparagraph (B) shall apply to products manufactured after a date which is five years after—
(i) the effective date of the previous amendment; or
(ii) if the previous final rule did not amend the standards, the earliest date by which the previous amendment could have been effective;
except that in no case may any amended standard apply to products manufactured within three years after publication of the final rule establishing such amended standard.
(4) Refrigerators and freezers manufactured on or after january 1, 2014.—
(A) In general.— Not later than December 31, 2010, the Secretary shall publish a final rule determining whether to amend the standards in effect for refrigerators, refrigerator-freezers, and freezers manufactured on or after January 1, 2014.
(B) Amended standards.— The final rule shall contain any amended standards.
(c) Standards for room air conditioners
(1) The energy efficiency ratio of room air conditioners shall be not less than the following for products manufactured on or after January 1, 1990:

 
Product Class: Ratio
Without Reverse Cycle and With Louvered Sides:
Less than 6,000 Btu 8.0
6,000 to 7,999 Btu 8.5
8,000 to 13,999 Btu 9.0
14,000 to 19,999 Btu 8.8
20,000 and more Btu 8.2
Without Reverse Cycle and Without Louvered Sides:
Less than 6,000 Btu 8.0
6,000 to 7,999 Btu 8.5
8,000 to 13,999 Btu 8.5
14,000 to 19,999 Btu 8.5
20,000 and more Btu 8.2
With Reverse Cycle and With Louvered Sides 8.5
With Reverse Cycle, Without Louvered Sides 8.0

(2)
(A) The Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than January 1, 1992, to determine if the standards established under paragraph (1) should be amended. Such rule shall contain such amendment, if any, and provide that the amendment shall apply to products manufactured on or after January 1, 1995.
(B) After January 1, 1992, the Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than five years after the date of publication of a previous final rule. The Secretary shall determine in such rule whether to amend the standards in effect for room air conditioners.
(C) Any amendment prescribed under subparagraph (B) shall apply to products manufactured after a date which is five years after—
(i) the effective date of the previous amendment; or
(ii) if the previous final rule did not amend the standards, the earliest date by which a previous amendment could have been effective;
except that in no case may any amended standard apply to products manufactured within three years after publication of the final rule establishing such amended standard.
(d) Standards for central air conditioners and heat pumps
(1) The seasonal energy efficiency ratio of central air conditioners and central air conditioning heat pumps shall be not less than the following:
(A) Split Systems: 10.0 for products manufactured on or after January 1, 1992.
(B) Single Package Systems: 9.7 for products manufactured on or after January 1, 1993.
(2) The heating seasonal performance factor of central air conditioning heat pumps shall be not less than the following:
(A) Split Systems: 6.8 for products manufactured on or after January 1, 1992.
(B) Single Package Systems: 6.6 for products manufactured on or after January 1, 1993.
(3)
(A) The Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than January 1, 1994, to determine whether the standards established under paragraph (1) should be amended. Such rule shall contain such amendment, if any, and provide that the amendment shall apply to products manufactured on or after January 1, 1999. The Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than January 1, 1994, to determine whether the standards established under paragraph (2) shall be amended. Such rule shall contain such amendment, if any, and provide that the amendment shall apply to products manufactured on or after January 1, 2002.
(B) The Secretary shall publish a final rule after January 1, 1994, and no later than January 1, 2001, to determine whether the standards in effect for central air conditioners and central air conditioning heat pumps should be amended. Such rule shall provide that any amendment shall apply to products manufactured on or after January 1, 2006.
(e) Standards for water heaters; pool heaters; direct heating equipment
(1) The energy factor of water heaters shall be not less than the following for products manufactured on or after January 1, 1990:

 
(A) Gas Water Heater: .62(.0019 x Rated Storage Volume in gallons)
(B) Oil Water Heater: .59(.0019 x Rated Storage Volume in gallons)
(C) Electric Water Heater: .95(.00132 x Rated Storage Volume in gallons)

(2) The thermal efficiency of pool heaters manufactured on or after January 1, 1990, shall not be less than 78 percent.
(3) The efficiencies of gas direct heating equipment manufactured on or after January 1, 1990, shall be not less than the following:

 
Wall
Fan type
Up to 42,000 Btu/hour 73% AFUE
Over 42,000 Btu/hour 74% AFUE
Gravity type
Up to 10,000 Btu/hour 59% AFUE
Over 10,000 Btu/hour up to 12,000 Btu/hour 60% AFUE
Over 12,000 Btu/hour up to 15,000 Btu/hour 61% AFUE
Over 15,000 Btu/hour up to 19,000 Btu/hour 62% AFUE
Over 19,000 Btu/hour up to 27,000 Btu/hour 63% AFUE
Over 27,000 Btu/hour up to 46,000 Btu/hour 64% AFUE
Over 46,000 Btu/hour 65% AFUE
Floor
Up to 37,000 Btu/hour 56% AFUE
Over 37,000 Btu/hour 57% AFUE
Room
Up to 18,000 Btu/hour 57% AFUE
Over 18,000 Btu/hour up to 20,000 Btu/hour 58% AFUE
Over 20,000 Btu/hour up to 27,000 Btu/hour 63% AFUE
Over 27,000 Btu/hour up to 46,000 Btu/hour 64% AFUE
Over 46,000 Btu/hour 65% AFUE

(4)
(A) The Secretary shall publish final rules no later than January 1, 1992, to determine whether the standards established by paragraph (1), (2), or (3) for water heaters, pool heaters, and direct heating equipment should be amended. Such rule shall provide that any amendment shall apply to products manufactured on or after January 1, 1995.
(B) The Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than January 1, 2000, to determine whether standards in effect for such products should be amended. Such rule shall provide that any such amendment shall apply to products manufactured on or after January 1, 2005.
(f) Standards for furnaces and boilers
(1) Furnaces (other than furnaces designed solely for installation in mobile homes) manufactured on or after January 1, 1992, shall have an annual fuel utilization efficiency of not less than 78 percent, except that—
(A) boilers (other than gas steam boilers) shall have an annual fuel utilization efficiency of not less than 80 percent and gas steam boilers shall have an annual fuel utilization efficiency of not less than 75 percent; and
(B) the Secretary shall prescribe a final rule not later than January 1, 1989, establishing an energy conservation standard—
(i) which is for furnaces (other than furnaces designed solely for installation in mobile homes) having an input of less than 45,000 Btu per hour and manufactured on or after January 1, 1992;
(ii) which provides that the annual fuel utilization efficiency of such furnaces shall be a specific percent which is not less than 71 percent and not more than 78 percent; and
(iii) which the Secretary determines is not likely to result in a significant shift from gas heating to electric resistance heating with respect to either residential construction or furnace replacement.
(2) Furnaces which are designed solely for installation in mobile homes and which are manufactured on or after September 1, 1990, shall have an annual fuel utilization efficiency of not less than 75 percent.
(3) Boilers.—
(A) In general.— Subject to subparagraphs (B) and (C), boilers manufactured on or after September 1, 2012, shall meet the following requirements:

Boiler Type Minimum Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency Design Requirements
Gas Hot Water 82% No Constant Burning Pilot, Automatic Means for Adjusting Water Temperature
Gas Steam 80% No Constant Burning Pilot
Oil Hot Water 84% Automatic Means for Adjusting Temperature
Oil Steam 82% None
Electric Hot Water None Automatic Means for Adjusting Temperature
Electric Steam None None

(B) Automatic means for adjusting water temperature.—
(i) In general.— The manufacturer shall equip each gas, oil, and electric hot water boiler (other than a boiler equipped with a tankless domestic water heating coil) with automatic means for adjusting the temperature of the water supplied by the boiler to ensure that an incremental change in inferred heat load produces a corresponding incremental change in the temperature of water supplied.
(ii) Single input rate.— For a boiler that fires at 1 input rate, the requirements of this subparagraph may be satisfied by providing an automatic means that allows the burner or heating element to fire only when the means has determined that the inferred heat load cannot be met by the residual heat of the water in the system.
(iii) No inferred heat load.— When there is no inferred heat load with respect to a hot water boiler, the automatic means described in clauses (i) and (ii) shall limit the temperature of the water in the boiler to not more than 140 degrees Fahrenheit.
(iv) Operation.— A boiler described in clause (i) or (ii) shall be operable only when the automatic means described in clauses (i), (ii), and (iii) is installed.
(C) Exception.— A boiler that is manufactured to operate without any need for electricity or any electric connection, electric gauges, electric pumps, electric wires, or electric devices shall not be required to meet the requirements of this paragraph.
(4)
(A) The Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than January 1, 1992, to determine whether the standards established by paragraph (2) for mobile home furnaces should be amended. Such rule shall provide that any amendment shall apply to products manufactured on or after January 1, 1994.
(B) The Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than January 1, 1994, to determine whether the standards established by this subsection for furnaces (including mobile home furnaces) should be amended. Such rule shall provide that any amendment shall apply to products manufactured on or after January 1, 2002.
(C) After January 1, 1997, and before January 1, 2007, the Secretary shall publish a final rule to determine whether standards in effect for such products should be amended. Such rule shall contain such amendment, if any, and provide that any amendment shall apply to products manufactured on or after January 1, 2012.
(D) Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, if the requirements of subsection (o) of this section are met, not later than December 31, 2013, the Secretary shall consider and prescribe energy conservation standards or energy use standards for electricity used for purposes of circulating air through duct work.
(g) Standards for dishwashers; clothes washers; clothes dryers; fluorescent lamp ballasts
(1) Dishwashers manufactured on or after January 1, 1988, shall be equipped with an option to dry without heat.
(2) All rinse cycles of clothes washers shall include an unheated water option, but may have a heated water rinse option, for products manufactured on or after January 1, 1988.
(3) Gas clothes dryers shall not be equipped with a constant burning pilot for products manufactured on or after January 1, 1988.
(4)
(A) The Secretary shall publish final rules no later than January 1, 1990, to determine if the standards established under this subsection for products described in paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) should be amended. Such rules shall provide that any amendment shall apply to products the manufacture of which is completed on or after January 1, 1993.
(B) After January 1, 1990, the Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than five years after the date of publication of the previous final rule. The Secretary shall determine in such rule whether to amend the standards in effect for such products.
(C) Any such amendment shall apply to products manufactured after a date which is five years after—
(i) the effective date of the previous amendment; or
(ii) if the previous final rule did not amend the standard, the earliest date by which a previous amendment could have been in effect;
except that in no case may any amended standard apply to products manufactured within three years after publication of the final rule establishing such standard.
(5) Except as provided in paragraph (6), each fluorescent lamp ballast—
(A)
(i) manufactured on or after January 1, 1990;
(ii) sold by the manufacturer on or after April 1, 1990; or
(iii) incorporated into a luminaire by a luminaire manufacturer on or after April 1, 1991; and
(B) designed—
(i) to operate at nominal input voltages of 120 or 277 volts;
(ii) to operate with an input current frequency of 60 Hertz; and
(iii) for use in connection with an F40T12, F96T12, or F96T12HO lamps;
shall have a power factor of 0.90 or greater and shall have a ballast efficacy factor not less than the following:

 
Application for Operation of Ballast Input Voltage Total Nominal Lamp Watts Ballast Efficacy Factor
one F40T12 lamp 120  40 1.805
277  40 1.805
two F40T12 lamps 120  80 1.060
277  80 1.050
two F96T12 lamps 120 150 0.570
277 150 0.570
two F96T12HO lamps 120 220 0.390
277 220 0.390

(6) The standards described in paragraph (5) do not apply to
(A) a ballast which is designed for dimming or for use in ambient temperatures of 0° F or less, or
(B) a ballast which has a power factor of less than 0.90 and is designed and labeled for use only in residential building applications.
(7)
(A) The Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than January 1, 1992, to determine if the standards established under paragraph (5) should be amended, including whether such standards should be amended so that they would be applicable to ballasts described in paragraph (6) and other fluorescent lamp ballasts. Such rule shall contain such amendment, if any, and provide that the amendment shall apply to products manufactured on or after January 1, 1995.
(B) After January 1, 1992, the Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than five years after the date of publication of a previous final rule. The Secretary shall determine in such rule whether to amend the standards in effect for fluorescent lamp ballasts, including whether such standards should be amended so that they would be applicable to additional fluorescent lamp ballasts.
(C) Any amendment prescribed under subparagraph (B) shall apply to products manufactured after a date which is five years after—
(i) the effective date of the previous amendment; or
(ii) if the previous final rule did not amend the standards, the earliest date by which a previous amendment could have been effective;
except that in no case may any amended standard apply to products manufactured within three years after publication of the final rule establishing such amended standard.
(8)
(A) Each fluorescent lamp ballast (other than replacement ballasts or ballasts described in subparagraph (C))—
(i)
(I) manufactured on or after July 1, 2009;
(II) sold by the manufacturer on or after October 1, 2009; or
(III) incorporated into a luminaire by a luminaire manufacturer on or after July 1, 2010; and
(ii) designed—
(I) to operate at nominal input voltages of 120 or 277 volts;
(II) to operate with an input current frequency of 60 Hertz; and
(III) for use in connection with F34T12 lamps, F96T12/ES lamps, or F96T12HO/ES lamps;
shall have a power factor of 0.90 or greater and shall have a ballast efficacy factor of not less than the following:

 
Application for operation of Ballast input voltage Total nominal lamp watts Ballast efficacy factor
One F34T12 lamp 120/277 34 2.61
Two F34T12 lamps 120/277 68 1.35
Two F96T12/ES lamps 120/277 120 0.77
Two F96T12HO/ES lamps 120/277 1900.42.

(B) The standards described in subparagraph (A) shall apply to all ballasts covered by subparagraph (A)(ii) that are manufactured on or after July 1, 2010, or sold by the manufacturer on or after October 1, 2010.
(C) The standards described in subparagraph (A) do not apply to—
(i) a ballast that is designed for dimming to 50 percent or less of the maximum output of the ballast;
(ii) a ballast that is designed for use with 2 F96T12HO lamps at ambient temperatures of 20°F or less and for use in an outdoor sign; or
(iii) a ballast that has a power factor of less than 0.90 and is designed and labeled for use only in residential applications.
(9) Residential clothes washers manufactured on or after january 1, 2011.—
(A) In general.— A top-loading or front-loading standard-size residential clothes washer manufactured on or after January 1, 2011, shall have—
(i) a Modified Energy Factor of at least 1.26; and
(ii) a water factor of not more than 9.5.
(B) Amendment of standards.—
(i) In general.— Not later than December 31, 2011, the Secretary shall publish a final rule determining whether to amend the standards in effect for clothes washers manufactured on or after January 1, 2015.
(ii) Amended standards.— The final rule shall contain any amended standards.
(10) Residential dishwashers manufactured on or after january 1, 2010.—
(A) In general.— A dishwasher manufactured on or after January 1, 2010, shall—
(i) for a standard size dishwasher not exceed 355 kWh/year and 6.5 gallons per cycle; and
(ii) for a compact size dishwasher not exceed 260 kWh/year and 4.5 gallons per cycle.
(B) Amendment of standards.—
(i) In general.— Not later than January 1, 2015, the Secretary shall publish a final rule determining whether to amend the standards for dishwashers manufactured on or after January 1, 2018.
(ii) Amended standards.— The final rule shall contain any amended standards.
(h) Standards for kitchen ranges and ovens
(1) Gas kitchen ranges and ovens having an electrical supply cord shall not be equipped with a constant burning pilot for products manufactured on or after January 1, 1990.
(2)
(A) The Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than January 1, 1992, to determine if the standards established for kitchen ranges and ovens in this subsection should be amended. Such rule shall contain such amendment, if any, and provide that the amendment shall apply to products manufactured on or after January 1, 1995.
(B) The Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than January 1, 1997, to determine whether standards in effect for such products should be amended. Such rule shall apply to products manufactured on or after January 1, 2000.
(i) General service fluorescent lamps, general service incandescent lamps, intermediate base incandescent lamps, candelabra base incandescent lamps, and incandescent reflector lamps
(1) Standards.—
(A) Definition of effective date.— In this paragraph (other than subparagraph (D)), the term “effective date” means, with respect to each type of lamp specified in a table contained in subparagraph (B), the last day of the period of months corresponding to that type of lamp (as specified in the table) that follows October 24, 1992.
(B) Minimum standards.— Each of the following general service fluorescent lamps and incandescent reflector lamps manufactured after the effective date specified in the tables contained in this paragraph shall meet or exceed the following lamp efficacy and CRI standards:

FLUORESCENT LAMPS
Lamp Type Nominal Lamp Wattage Minimum CRI Minimum Average Lamp Efficacy (LPW) Effective Date (Period of Months)
4-foot medium bi-pin 35 W69 75.0 36
35 W 45 75.0 36
2-foot U-shaped 35 W 69 68.0 36
35 W 45 64.0 36
8-foot slimline 65 W 69 80.0 18
65 W 45 80.0 18
8-foot high output 100 W 69 80.0 18
100 W 45 80.0 18

INCANDESCENT REFLECTOR LAMPS
Nominal Lamp Wattage Minimum Average Lamp Efficacy (LPW) Effective Date (Period of Months)
40–50 10.5 36
51–66 11.0 36
67–85 12.5 36
86–115 14.0 36
116–155 14.5 36
156–205 15.0 36

(C) Exemptions.— The standards specified in subparagraph (B) shall not apply to the following types of incandescent reflector lamps:
(i) Lamps rated at 50 watts or less that are ER30, BR30, BR40, or ER40 lamps.
(ii) Lamps rated at 65 watts that are BR30, BR40, or ER40 lamps.
(iii) R20 incandescent reflector lamps rated 45 watts or less.
(D) Effective dates.—
(i) ER, br, and bpar lamps.— The standards specified in subparagraph (B) shall apply with respect to ER incandescent reflector lamps, BR incandescent reflector lamps, BPAR incandescent reflector lamps, and similar bulb shapes on and after January 1, 2008.
(ii) Lamps between 2.25–2.75 inches in diameter.—The standards specified in subparagraph (B) shall apply with respect to incandescent reflector lamps with a diameter of more than 2.25 inches, but not more than 2.75 inches, on and after the later of January 1, 2008, or the date that is 180 days after December 19, 2007.
(2) Notwithstanding section 6302 (a)(5) of this title and section 6302 (b) of this title, it shall not be unlawful for a manufacturer to sell a lamp which is in compliance with the law at the time such lamp was manufactured.
(3) Not less than 36 months after October 24, 1992, the Secretary shall initiate a rulemaking procedure and shall publish a final rule not later than the end of the 54-month period beginning on October 24, 1992, to determine if the standards established under paragraph (1) should be amended. Such rule shall contain such amendment, if any, and provide that the amendment shall apply to products manufactured on or after the 36-month period beginning on the date such final rule is published.
(4) Not less than eight years after October 24, 1992, the Secretary shall initiate a rulemaking procedure and shall publish a final rule not later than nine years and six months after October 24, 1992, to determine if the standards in effect for fluorescent lamps and incandescent lamps should be amended. Such rule shall contain such amendment, if any, and provide that the amendment shall apply to products manufactured on or after the 36-month period beginning on the date such final rule is published.
(5) Not later than the end of the 24-month period beginning on the date labeling requirements under section 6294 (a)(2)(C) [1] of this title become effective, the Secretary shall initiate a rulemaking procedure to determine if the standards in effect for fluorescent lamps and incandescent lamps should be amended so that they would be applicable to additional general service fluorescent [2] and shall publish, not later than 18 months after initiating such rulemaking, a final rule including such amended standards, if any. Such rule shall provide that the amendment shall apply to products manufactured after a date which is 36 months after the date such rule is published.
(6) Standards for general service lamps.—
(A) Rulemaking before january 1, 2014.—
(i) In general.— Not later than January 1, 2014, the Secretary shall initiate a rulemaking procedure to determine whether—
(I) standards in effect for general service lamps should be amended to establish more stringent standards than the standards specified in paragraph (1)(A); and
(II) the exemptions for certain incandescent lamps should be maintained or discontinued based, in part, on exempted lamp sales collected by the Secretary from manufacturers.
(ii) Scope.— The rulemaking—
(I) shall not be limited to incandescent lamp technologies; and
(II) shall include consideration of a minimum standard of 45 lumens per watt for general service lamps.
(iii) Amended standards.— If the Secretary determines that the standards in effect for general service incandescent lamps should be amended, the Secretary shall publish a final rule not later than January 1, 2017, with an effective date that is not earlier than 3 years after the date on which the final rule is published.
(iv) Phased-in effective dates.— The Secretary shall consider phased-in effective dates under this subparagraph after considering—
(I) the impact of any amendment on manufacturers, retiring and repurposing existing equipment, stranded investments, labor contracts, workers, and raw materials; and
(II) the time needed to work with retailers and lighting designers to revise sales and marketing strategies.
(v) Backstop requirement.— If the Secretary fails to complete a rulemaking in accordance with clauses (i) through (iv) or if the final rule does not produce savings that are greater than or equal to the savings from a minimum efficacy standard of 45 lumens per watt, effective beginning January 1, 2020, the Secretary shall prohibit the sale of any general service lamp that does not meet a minimum efficacy standard of 45 lumens per watt.
(vi) State preemption.— Neither section 6297 (b) of this title nor any other provision of law shall preclude California or Nevada from adopting, effective beginning on or after January 1, 2018—
(I) a final rule adopted by the Secretary in accordance with clauses (i) through (iv);
(II) if a final rule described in subclause (I) has not been adopted, the backstop requirement under clause (v); or
(III) in the case of California, if a final rule described in subclause (I) has not been adopted, any California regulations relating to these covered products adopted pursuant to State statute in effect as of December 19, 2007.
(B) Rulemaking before january 1, 2020.—
(i) In general.— Not later than January 1, 2020, the Secretary shall initiate a rulemaking procedure to determine whether—
(I) standards in effect for general service incandescent lamps should be amended to reflect lumen ranges with more stringent maximum wattage than the standards specified in paragraph (1)(A); and
(II) the exemptions for certain incandescent lamps should be maintained or discontinued based, in part, on exempted lamp sales data collected by the Secretary from manufacturers.
(ii) Scope.— The rulemaking shall not be limited to incandescent lamp technologies.
(iii) Amended standards.— If the Secretary determines that the standards in effect for general service incandescent lamps should be amended, the Secretary shall publish a final rule not later than January 1, 2022, with an effective date that is not earlier than 3 years after the date on which the final rule is published.
(iv) Phased-in effective dates.— The Secretary shall consider phased-in effective dates under this subparagraph after considering—
(I) the impact of any amendment on manufacturers, retiring and repurposing existing equipment, stranded investments, labor contracts, workers, and raw materials; and
(II) the time needed to work with retailers and lighting designers to revise sales and marketing strategies.
(7)
(A) With respect to any lamp to which standards are applicable under this subsection or any lamp specified in section 6317 of this title, the Secretary shall inform any Federal entity proposing actions which would adversely impact the energy consumption or energy efficiency of such lamp of the energy conservation consequences of such action. It shall be the responsibility of such Federal entity to carefully consider the Secretary’s comments.
(B) Notwithstanding subsection (n)(1) of this section, the Secretary shall not be prohibited from amending any standard, by rule, to permit increased energy use or to decrease the minimum required energy efficiency of any lamp to which standards are applicable under this subsection if such action is warranted as a result of other Federal action (including restrictions on materials or processes) which would have the effect of either increasing the energy use or decreasing the energy efficiency of such product.
(8) Not later than the date on which standards established pursuant to this subsection become effective, or, with respect to high-intensity discharge lamps covered under section 6317 of this title, the effective date of standards established pursuant to such section, each manufacturer of a product to which such standards are applicable shall file with the Secretary a laboratory report certifying compliance with the applicable standard for each lamp type. Such report shall include the lumen output and wattage consumption for each lamp type as an average of measurements taken over the preceding 12-month period. With respect to lamp types which are not manufactured during the 12-month period preceding the date such standards become effective, such report shall be filed with the Secretary not later than the date which is 12 months after the date manufacturing is commenced and shall include the lumen output and wattage consumption for each such lamp type as an average of measurements taken during such 12-month period.
(j) Standards for showerheads and faucets
(1) The maximum water use allowed for any showerhead manufactured after January 1, 1994, is 2.5 gallons per minute when measured at a flowing water pressure of 80 pounds per square inch. Any such showerhead shall also meet the requirements of ASME/ANSI A112.18.1M–1989, 7.4.3(a).
(2) The maximum water use allowed for any of the following faucets manufactured after January 1, 1994, when measured at a flowing water pressure of 80 pounds per square inch, is as follows:

 
Lavatory faucets 2.5 gallons per minute
Lavatory replacement aerators 2.5 gallons per minute
Kitchen faucets 2.5 gallons per minute
Kitchen replacement aerators 2.5 gallons per minute
Metering faucets 0.25 gallons per cycle 

(3)
(A) If the maximum flow rate requirements or the design requirements of ASME/ANSI Standard A112.18.1M–1989 are amended to improve the efficiency of water use of any type or class of showerhead or faucet and are approved by ANSI, the Secretary shall, not later than 12 months after the date of such amendment, publish a final rule establishing an amended uniform national standard for that product at the level specified in the amended ASME/ANSI Standard A112.18.1M and providing that such standard shall apply to products manufactured after a date which is 12 months after the publication of such rule, unless the Secretary determines, by rule published in the Federal Register, that adoption of a uniform national standard at the level specified in such amended ASME/ANSI Standard A112.18.1M—
(i) is not technologically feasible and economically justified under subsection (o) of this section;
(ii) is not consistent with the maintenance of public health and safety; or
(iii) is not consistent with the purposes of this chapter.
(B)
(i) As part of the rulemaking conducted under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall also determine if adoption of a uniform national standard for any type or class of showerhead or faucet more stringent than such amended ASME/ANSI Standard A112.18.1M—
(I) would result in additional conservation of energy or water;
(II) would be technologically feasible and economically justified under subsection (o) of this section; and
(III) would be consistent with the maintenance of public health and safety.
(ii) If the Secretary makes an affirmative determination under clause (i), the final rule published under subparagraph (A) shall waive the provisions of section 6297 (c) of this title with respect to any State regulation concerning the water use or water efficiency of such type or class of showerhead or faucet if such State regulation—
(I) is more stringent than amended ASME/ANSI Standard A112.18.1M for such type or class of showerhead or faucet and the standard in effect for such product on the day before the date on which a final rule is published under subparagraph (A); and
(II) is applicable to any sale or installation of all products in such type or class of showerhead or faucet.
(C) If, after any period of five consecutive years, the maximum flow rate requirements of the ASME/ANSI standard for showerheads are not amended to improve the efficiency of water use of such products, or after any such period such requirements for faucets are not amended to improve the efficiency of water use of such products, the Secretary shall, not later than six months after the end of such five-year period, publish a final rule waiving the provisions of section <