In re Marriage of Schacht

Case Date: 09/19/2003
Court: 2nd District Appellate
Docket No: 2-02-0998 Rel

No. 2--02--0998


IN THE

APPELLATE COURT OF ILLINOIS

SECOND DISTRICT


In re MARRIAGE OF ) Appeal from the Circuit Court
ERIN SCHACHT, n/k/a/ Erin ) of McHenry County.
Anderegg, )
)
            Petitioner-Appellee, ) No. 96--DV--232
)
and )
)
ALAN L. SCHACHT, ) Honorable
) Joseph P. Condon,
           Respondent-Appellant. ) Judge, Presiding.

 

JUSTICE BYRNE delivered the opinion of the court:

Respondent, Alan L. Schacht, appeals the circuit court's order denying his petition to reducechild support. He contends that his support obligation was based on a lump-sum worker'scompensation settlement that has been exhausted and that his support obligation now representsmore than 100% of his actual income. We vacate and remand.

Respondent and petitioner, Erin Schacht, now known as Erin Anderegg, were married in1983. They have three children, Sara, Trevor, and Hanna.

In 1995, respondent was injured on the job and filed a worker's compensation claim. Whilethe claim was pending, he received $1,493.36 per month in temporary total disability (TTD)payments. Petitioner filed her petition to dissolve the parties' marriage on March 21, 1996. Whilethe petition was pending, the court ordered respondent to pay $477.88 monthly--representing 32%of his TTD payment--for temporary child support, and $111.18 for the children's health insurance.

The trial court dissolved the parties' marriage on March 10, 1998. The judgment gavepetitioner sole custody of the children and required respondent to continue paying child support andhealth insurance at the same rate as before. The judgment awarded petitioner as marital property35% of respondent's pending worker's compensation claim.

Respondent appealed, contending, among other things, that the trial court erred by awardingpetitioner a percentage of his as-yet-undetermined worker's compensation settlement. Citing In reMarriage of DeRossett, 173 Ill. 2d 416, 422 (1996), we held that the trial court did not err byconsidering the claim as marital property, but that it was premature to divide the claim before thesettlement amount was fixed. In re Marriage of Schacht, No. 2--98--0826 (1999) (unpublished orderunder Supreme Court Rule 23) (Schacht I).

Shortly after our order was filed, respondent received a lump-sum worker's compensationsettlement of $150,000. After deducting costs and attorney fees, respondent was left with a netaward of $118,973. The trial court awarded petitioner 30% of the award as marital property. Thecourt ordered that the settlement be placed in a trust account administered by respondent's attorney,W. Randal Baudin. Baudin was authorized to pay respondent $746.68 twice per month. (Themonthly total of $1,493.36 was the same as the TTD payments he formerly received.) During thistime, respondent's child support obligation was unchanged.

When the trust arrangement terminated, respondent received $24,301.11, which was all thatremained of the worker's compensation settlement. He claims that he gave this to his parents toreimburse them for having paid his attorney fees during the dissolution proceedings.

Respondent also applied for Social Security disability benefits. After a hearing, the SocialSecurity Administration (SSA) advised respondent that he was eligible for $991 per month inbenefits. However, when the checks started arriving, respondent actually received only $381 permonth. The SSA advised respondent that it set off his worker's compensation settlement against hisdisability benefits. Respondent also learned that his children were not receiving Social Securitybenefits although they were eligible to receive $150 per month apiece. Respondent is appealing theSSA's decision to set off his worker's compensation settlement against his disability benefits.

Following the second remand from this court, the trial court conducted further hearings andawarded petitioner 30% of respondent's worker's compensation award as marital property. The courtallocated another 20% of the award to establish trusts for the children's college expenses. See 750ILCS 5/503(g), 513(a)(2) (West 2002).

Respondent again appealed. This court affirmed the trial court's division of the worker'scompensation settlement as marital property. In re Marriage of Schacht, No. 2--00--1154, slip op.at 8 (2001) (unpublished order under Supreme Court Rule 23) (Schacht II). However, we vacatedthe portion of the order establishing section 503(g) college trusts and directed the trial court to makefurther findings about respondent's ability and willingness to pay his children's college expenses. Schacht II, slip op. at 14.

On December 20, 2001, respondent filed the motion to reduce child support that is the subjectof this appeal. Respondent contended that the worker's compensation settlement had been exhaustedand that his only income was the $381 in Social Security benefits he received each month. Respondent noted that the court had already decided that the settlement was marital property, notincome, and had awarded 50% of it to petitioner and the children.

In a memorandum of decision issued April 19, 2002, the trial court resolved several pendingmatters. As relevant here, the court made the additional findings this court required and reinstatedthe section 503(g) educational trusts, and denied respondent's motion to reduce child support.

The court found that respondent would be unable or unwilling to provide for his children'spost-high-school education. In support of this conclusion, the court observed that respondent hadbeen less than forthright in his financial affidavit, failing to list any assets. However, respondent hadat least one significant asset, the approximately $24,000 remaining from the worker's compensationsettlement. In addition, the court referred to evidence, recited in Schacht II, that respondent wascapable of working but had not looked for work. If the current situation remained unchanged, thecourt concluded, respondent would exhaust the remaining funds in supporting himself and payingchild support. He would therefore be unable to provide for his children's education.

In denying respondent's child support motion, the court found that respondent had notdemonstrated a change in circumstances. The court apparently continued to attribute to respondentincome from the worker's compensation settlement and concluded that he was actually better offbecause he was also receiving Social Security benefits. Respondent moved to reconsider. The trialcourt reduced the support amount to account for respondent's oldest daughter having turned 18, butotherwise denied the motion. Respondent timely appealed.

Respondent contends that the trial court should have reduced the child support because hehad exhausted the worker's compensation settlement and his support obligation exceeded his actualmonthly income of $381. We agree with respondent, although for slightly different reasons, andtherefore vacate and remand.

Initially, we note that petitioner has not filed a brief. However, we may review respondent'sissue without the benefit of an appellee's brief. See In re Marriage of Menken, 334 Ill. App. 3d 531,533 (2002).

Generally, to obtain a reduction in child support, a party must show a substantial change incircumstances. 750 ILCS 5/510(a)(1) (West 2002); In re Marriage of Sweet, 316 Ill. App. 3d 101,105 (2000). Modifying child support is within the trial court's discretion and we will not disturb itsdecision absent an abuse of that discretion. In re Marriage of Pihaly, 258 Ill. App. 3d 851, 855(1994).

In DeRossett, the supreme court held that a worker's compensation claim that accrues duringmarriage is marital property. In In re Marriage of Dodds, 222 Ill. App. 3d 99, 101-02 (1991), thiscourt held that the trial court properly considered as income to the paying spouse a worker'scompensation claim that accrued after the dissolution. We noted that worker's compensationpayments are intended to compensate the recipient for his or her lost income. In Villanueva v.O'Gara, 282 Ill. App. 3d 147, 150-51 (1996), we held that a personal injury settlement could beconsidered as income only to the extent that it compensated the recipient for his lost wages.

DeRossett and Dodds provide that a worker's compensation claim may be treated as maritalproperty or as income to the recipient. However, it may not be both at the same time. Here, the trialcourt originally calculated respondent's child support obligation on the assumption that he wasreceiving $1,493.36 per month in TTD. The lump-sum payment was intended to replace that income(see Dodds, 222 Ill. App. 3d at 101), representing 342.28 weeks of permanent partial disability atthe same rate, $1,493.36 per month. In reality, respondent received only half of the lump-sum awardbecause the trial court awarded petitioner 30% of it as marital property and set aside another 20%to create trusts for the children's educations. However, respondent's child support obligationremained unchanged. In other words, respondent received only half of the worker's compensationsettlement, but continued to pay child support as if he had received the entire amount. As a result,the settlement proceeds were nearly exhausted by the time respondent filed his motion to reducesupport. While Dodds holds that a worker's compensation award may be considered income to thereceiving spouse, it presupposes that he receives the entire award. Where, as here, a settlement isapportioned as marital property under DeRossett, it follows that a child support award based on thatsettlement must be reduced proportionately.

Under the circumstances of this case, the court committed an impermissible "doublecounting" of the settlement proceeds. See In re Marriage of Talty, 166 Ill. 2d 232, 236 (1995)("double counting" is impermissibly counting the value of a marital asset twice). By designating aportion of the award as marital property, the trial court double counted the marital property portionwhen the award was included in the trial court's calculation of support based upon the entireundiminished worker's compensation award. Respondent should receive a new hearing on hismotion to reduce child support. We vacate the judgment denying his motion to reduce child supportand remand the cause for additional proceedings on that motion.

It appears that the trial court's intent was to encourage respondent to find a job. The findingssupporting the creation of the college trusts refer to evidence that respondent was capable ofworking. A court may impute income to a party in calculating child support if it finds he isvoluntarily unemployed or underemployed. See Sweet, 316 Ill. App. 3d at 107. However, if the trialcourt deviates from the guideline amounts set out in the statute (750 ILCS 5/505(a)(1) (West 2002)),it must make express findings. Sweet, 316 Ill. App. 3d at 108.

While the facts here might support attributing additional income to respondent, the court'sorder does not specifically do so. Moreover, any imputation of additional income to respondentshould be balanced against the unfairness of maintaining respondent's original support obligationwhile awarding half of his worker's compensation settlement as marital property and for the creationof college trusts.

The judgment of the circuit court of McHenry County is vacated, and the cause is remandedfor further proceedings.

Vacated and remanded.

McLAREN and O'MALLEY, JJ., concur.