§ 5122. Enforcement
(a)
General.—
At the request of the Secretary, the Attorney General may bring a civil action in an appropriate district court of the United States to enforce this chapter or a regulation prescribed or order, special permit, or approval issued under this chapter. The court may award appropriate relief, including a temporary or permanent injunction, punitive damages, and assessment of civil penalties considering the same penalty amounts and factors as prescribed for the Secretary in an administrative case under section
5123.
(b)
Imminent Hazards.—
(c)
Withholding of Clearance.—
(1)
If any owner, operator, or individual in charge of a vessel is liable for a civil penalty under section
5123 of this title or for a fine under section
5124 of this title, or if reasonable cause exists to believe that such owner, operator, or individual in charge may be subject to such a civil penalty or fine, the Secretary of Homeland Security, upon the request of the Secretary, shall with respect to such vessel refuse or revoke any clearance required by section
60105 of title
46.