§ 101. Definitions
(a)
In General.—
The following definitions apply in this title:
(3)
The term “possessions” includes the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Guano Islands, so long as they remain possessions, but does not include any Commonwealth.
(6)
The term “department”, when used with respect to a military department, means the executive part of the department and all field headquarters, forces, reserve components, installations, activities, and functions under the control or supervision of the Secretary of the department. When used with respect to the Department of Defense, such term means the executive part of the department, including the executive parts of the military departments, and all field headquarters, forces, reserve components, installations, activities, and functions under the control or supervision of the Secretary of Defense, including those of the military departments.
(7)
The term “executive part of the department” means the executive part of the Department of Defense, Department of the Army, Department of the Navy, or Department of the Air Force, as the case may be, at the seat of government.
(8)
The term “military departments” means the Department of the Army, the Department of the Navy, and the Department of the Air Force.
(9)
The term “Secretary concerned” means—
(10)
The term “service acquisition executive” means the civilian official within a military department who is designated as the service acquisition executive for purposes of regulations and procedures providing for a service acquisition executive for that military department.
(11)
The term “Defense Agency” means an organizational entity of the Department of Defense—
(A)
that is established by the Secretary of Defense under section
191 of this title (or under the second sentence of section
125
(d) of this title (as in effect before October 1, 1986)) to perform a supply or service activity common to more than one military department (other than such an entity that is designated by the Secretary as a Department of Defense Field Activity); or
(12)
The term “Department of Defense Field Activity” means an organizational entity of the Department of Defense—
(13)
The term “contingency operation” means a military operation that—
(A)
is designated by the Secretary of Defense as an operation in which members of the armed forces are or may become involved in military actions, operations, or hostilities against an enemy of the United States or against an opposing military force; or
(B)
results in the call or order to, or retention on, active duty of members of the uniformed services under section
688,
12301
(a),
12302,
12304,
12305, or
12406 of this title, chapter
15 of this title, or any other provision of law during a war or during a national emergency declared by the President or Congress.
(15)
The term “pay” includes basic pay, special pay, retainer pay, incentive pay, retired pay, and equivalent pay, but does not include allowances.
(b)
Personnel Generally.—
The following definitions relating to military personnel apply in this title:
(3)
The term “warrant officer” means a person who holds a commission or warrant in a warrant officer grade.
(4)
The term “general officer” means an officer of the Army, Air Force, or Marine Corps serving in or having the grade of general, lieutenant general, major general, or brigadier general.
(5)
The term “flag officer” means an officer of the Navy or Coast Guard serving in or having the grade of admiral, vice admiral, rear admiral, or rear admiral (lower half).
(7)
The term “grade” means a step or degree, in a graduated scale of office or military rank, that is established and designated as a grade by law or regulation.
(9)
The term “rating” means the name (such as “boatswain’s mate”) prescribed for members of an armed force in an occupational field. The term “rate” means the name (such as “chief boatswain’s mate”) prescribed for members in the same rating or other category who are in the same grade (such as chief petty officer or seaman apprentice).
(10)
The term “original”, with respect to the appointment of a member of the armed forces in a regular or reserve component, refers to that member’s most recent appointment in that component that is neither a promotion nor a demotion.
(11)
The term “authorized strength” means the largest number of members authorized to be in an armed force, a component, a branch, a grade, or any other category of the armed forces.
(12)
The term “regular”, with respect to an enlistment, appointment, grade, or office, means enlistment, appointment, grade, or office in a regular component of an armed force.
(13)
The term “active-duty list” means a single list for the Army, Navy, Air Force, or Marine Corps (required to be maintained under section
620 of this title) which contains the names of all officers of that armed force, other than officers described in section
641 of this title, who are serving on active duty.
(14)
The term “medical officer” means an officer of the Medical Corps of the Army, an officer of the Medical Corps of the Navy, or an officer in the Air Force designated as a medical officer.
(15)
The term “dental officer” means an officer of the Dental Corps of the Army, an officer of the Dental Corps of the Navy, or an officer of the Air Force designated as a dental officer.
(16)
The term “Active Guard and Reserve” means a member of a reserve component who is on active duty pursuant to section
12301
(d) of this title or, if a member of the Army National Guard or Air National Guard, is on full-time National Guard duty pursuant to section
502
(f) of title
32, and who is performing Active Guard and Reserve duty.
(c)
Reserve Components.—
The following definitions relating to the reserve components apply in this title:
(2)
The term “Army National Guard” means that part of the organized militia of the several States and Territories, Puerto Rico, and the District of Columbia, active and inactive, that—
(3)
The term “Army National Guard of the United States” means the reserve component of the Army all of whose members are members of the Army National Guard.
(4)
The term “Air National Guard” means that part of the organized militia of the several States and Territories, Puerto Rico, and the District of Columbia, active and inactive, that—
(5)
The term “Air National Guard of the United States” means the reserve component of the Air Force all of whose members are members of the Air National Guard.
(6)
The term “reserve”, with respect to an enlistment, appointment, grade, or office, means enlistment, appointment, grade, or office held as a Reserve of one of the armed forces.
(7)
The term “reserve active-status list” means a single list for the Army, Navy, Air Force, or Marine Corps (required to be maintained under section
14002 of this title) that contains the names of all officers of that armed force except warrant officers (including commissioned warrant officers) who are in an active status in a reserve component of the Army, Navy, Air Force, or Marine Corps and are not on an active-duty list.
(d)
Duty Status.—
The following definitions relating to duty status apply in this title:
(1)
The term “active duty” means full-time duty in the active military service of the United States. Such term includes full-time training duty, annual training duty, and attendance, while in the active military service, at a school designated as a service school by law or by the Secretary of the military department concerned. Such term does not include full-time National Guard duty.
(2)
The term “active duty for a period of more than 30 days” means active duty under a call or order that does not specify a period of 30 days or less.
(4)
The term “active status” means the status of a member of a reserve component who is not in the inactive Army National Guard or inactive Air National Guard, on an inactive status list, or in the Retired Reserve.
(5)
The term “full-time National Guard duty” means training or other duty, other than inactive duty, performed by a member of the Army National Guard of the United States or the Air National Guard of the United States in the member’s status as a member of the National Guard of a State or territory, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or the District of Columbia under section
316,
502,
503,
504, or
505 of title
32 for which the member is entitled to pay from the United States or for which the member has waived pay from the United States.
(6)
(A)
The term “active Guard and Reserve duty” means active duty performed by a member of a reserve component of the Army, Navy, Air Force, or Marine Corps, or full-time National Guard duty performed by a member of the National Guard pursuant to an order to full-time National Guard duty, for a period of 180 consecutive days or more for the purpose of organizing, administering, recruiting, instructing, or training the reserve components.
(B)
Such term does not include the following:
(i)
Duty performed as a member of the Reserve Forces Policy Board provided for under section
10301 of this title.
(7)
The term “inactive-duty training” means—
(A)
duty prescribed for Reserves by the Secretary concerned under section
206 of title
37 or any other provision of law; and
(B)
special additional duties authorized for Reserves by an authority designated by the Secretary concerned and performed by them on a voluntary basis in connection with the prescribed training or maintenance activities of the units to which they are assigned.
Such term includes those duties when performed by Reserves in their status as members of the National Guard.
(e)
Facilities and Operations.—
The following definitions relating to facilities and operations apply in this title:
(1)
Range.—
The term “range”, when used in a geographic sense, means a designated land or water area that is set aside, managed, and used for range activities of the Department of Defense. Such term includes the following:
(2)
Range activities.—
The term “range activities” means—
(3)
Operational range.—
The term “operational range” means a range that is under the jurisdiction, custody, or control of the Secretary of a military department and—
(4)
Military munitions.—
(A)
The term “military munitions” means all ammunition products and components produced for or used by the armed forces for national defense and security, including ammunition products or components under the control of the Department of Defense, the Coast Guard, the Department of Energy, and the National Guard.
(B)
Such term includes the following:
(ii)
Explosives, pyrotechnics, chemical and riot control agents, smokes, and incendiaries, including bulk explosives and chemical warfare agents.
(C)
Such term does not include the following:
(iii)
Nuclear weapons, nuclear devices, and nuclear components, other than nonnuclear components of nuclear devices that are managed under the nuclear weapons program of the Department of Energy after all required sanitization operations under the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.) have been completed.
(f)
Rules of Construction.—
In this title—
(g)
Reference to Title 1 Definitions.—
For other definitions applicable to this title, see sections
1 through
5 of title
1.