U.S. Code > Title 7 Agriculture > CHAPTER 101—AGRICULTURAL PROMOTION (§§ 7401—7491) > SUBCHAPTER I—COMMODITY PROMOTION AND EVALUATION (§ 7401) > § 7401. Commodity promotion and evaluation

§ 7401. Commodity promotion and evaluation

(a) “Commodity promotion law” defined
In this section, the term “commodity promotion law” means a Federal law that provides for the establishment and operation of a promotion program regarding an agricultural commodity that includes a combination of promotion, research, industry information, or consumer information activities, is funded by mandatory assessments on producers or processors, and is designed to maintain or expand markets and uses for the commodity (as determined by the Secretary). The term includes—
(1) the marketing promotion provisions under section 608c (6)(I) of this title;
(2) Public Law 89–502 (7 U.S.C. 2101 et seq.);
(3) title III of Public Law 91–670 (7 U.S.C. 2611 et seq.);
(4) Public Law 93–428 (7 U.S.C. 2701 et seq.);
(5) Public Law 94–294 (7 U.S.C. 2901 et seq.);
(6) subtitle B of title I of Public Law 98–180 (7 U.S.C. 4501 et seq.);
(7) Public Law 98–590 (7 U.S.C. 4601 et seq.);
(8) subtitle B of title XVI of Public Law 99–198 (7 U.S.C. 4801 et seq.);
(9) subtitle C of title XVI of Public Law 99–198 (7 U.S.C. 4901 et seq.);
(10) subtitle B of title XIX of Public Law 101–624 (7 U.S.C. 6101 et seq.);
(11) subtitle E of title XIX of Public Law 101–624 (7 U.S.C. 6301 et seq.);
(12) subtitle H of title XIX of Public Law 101–624 (7 U.S.C. 6401 et seq.);
(13) Public Law 103–190 (7 U.S.C. 6801 et seq.);
(14) Public Law 103–407 (7 U.S.C. 7101 et seq.);
(15) subchapter II of this chapter;
(16) subchapter III of this chapter;
(17) subchapter IV of this chapter;
(18) subchapter V of this chapter; or
(19) any other provision of law enacted after April 4, 1996, that provides for the establishment and operation of a promotion program described in the first sentence.
(b) Findings
Congress finds the following:
(1) It is in the national public interest and vital to the welfare of the agricultural economy of the United States to maintain and expand existing markets and develop new markets and uses for agricultural commodities through industry-funded, Government-supervised, generic commodity promotion programs established under commodity promotion laws.
(2) These generic commodity promotion programs, funded by the agricultural producers or processors who most directly reap the benefits of the programs and supervised by the Secretary of Agriculture, provide a unique opportunity for producers and processors to inform consumers about their products.
(3) The central congressional purpose underlying each commodity promotion law has always been to maintain and expand markets for the agricultural commodity covered by the law, rather than to maintain or expand the share of those markets held by any individual producer or processor.
(4) The commodity promotion laws were neither designed nor intended to prohibit or restrict, and the promotion programs established and funded pursuant to these laws do not prohibit or restrict, individual advertising or promotion of the covered commodities by any producer, processor, or group of producers or processors.
(5) It has never been the intent of Congress for the generic commodity promotion programs established and funded by the commodity promotion laws to replace the individual advertising and promotion efforts of producers or processors.
(6) An individual producer’s or processor’s own advertising initiatives are typically designed to increase the share of the market held by that producer or processor rather than to increase or expand the overall size of the market.
(7) In contrast, a generic commodity promotion program is intended and designed to maintain or increase the overall demand for the agricultural commodity covered by the program and increase the size of the market for that commodity, often by utilizing promotion methods and techniques that individual producers and processors typically are unable, or have no incentive, to employ.
(8) The commodity promotion laws establish promotion programs that operate as “self-help” mechanisms for producers and processors to fund generic promotions for covered commodities which, under the required supervision and oversight of the Secretary of Agriculture—
(A) further specific national governmental goals, as established by Congress; and
(B) produce nonideological and commercial communication the purpose of which is to further the governmental policy and objective of maintaining and expanding the markets for the covered commodities.
(9) While some commodity promotion laws grant a producer or processor the option of crediting individual advertising conducted by the producer or processor for all or a portion of the producer’s or processor’s marketing promotion assessments, all promotion programs established under the commodity promotion laws, both those programs that permit credit for individual advertising and those programs that do not contain such provisions, are very narrowly tailored to fulfill the congressional purposes of the commodity promotion laws without impairing or infringing the legal or constitutional rights of any individual producer or processor.
(10) These generic commodity promotion programs are of particular benefit to small producers who often lack the resources or market power to advertise on their own and who are otherwise often unable to benefit from the economies of scale available in promotion and advertising.
(11) Periodic independent evaluation of the effectiveness of these generic commodity promotion programs will assist Congress and the Secretary of Agriculture in ensuring that the objectives of the programs are met.
(c) Independent evaluation of promotion program effectiveness
Except as otherwise provided by law, each commodity board established under the supervision and oversight of the Secretary of Agriculture pursuant to a commodity promotion law shall, not less often than every 5 years, authorize and fund, from funds otherwise available to the board, an independent evaluation of the effectiveness of the generic commodity promotion programs and other programs conducted by the board pursuant to a commodity promotion law. The board shall submit to the Secretary, and make available to the public, the results of each periodic independent evaluation conducted under this subsection.
(d) Administrative costs
The Secretary shall annually provide to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate information on administrative expenses on programs established under commodity promotion laws.
(e) Exemption of certified organic products from assessments
(1) In general
Notwithstanding any provision of a commodity promotion law, a person that produces and markets solely 100 percent organic products, and that does not produce any conventional or nonorganic products, shall be exempt from the payment of an assessment under a commodity promotion law with respect to any agricultural commodity that is produced on a certified organic farm (as defined in section 6502 of this title).
(2) Regulations
Not later than 1 year after May 13, 2002, the Secretary shall promulgate regulations concerning eligibility and compliance for an exemption under paragraph (1).