76-3-207 - Capital felony -- Sentencing proceeding.
76-3-207. Capital felony -- Sentencing proceeding.
(1) (a) When a defendant has pled guilty to or been found guilty of a capital felony, thereshall be further proceedings before the court or jury on the issue of sentence.
(b) In the case of a plea of guilty to a capital felony, the sentencing proceedings shall beconducted before a jury or, upon request of the defendant and with the approval of the court andthe consent of the prosecution, by the court which accepted the plea.
(c) (i) When a defendant has been found guilty of a capital felony, the proceedings shallbe conducted before the court or jury which found the defendant guilty, provided the defendantmay waive hearing before the jury with the approval of the court and the consent of theprosecution, in which event the hearing shall be before the court.
(ii) If circumstances make it impossible or impractical to reconvene the same jury for thesentencing proceedings, the court may dismiss that jury and convene a new jury for theproceedings.
(d) If a retrial of the sentencing proceedings is necessary as a consequence of a remandfrom an appellate court, the sentencing authority shall be determined as provided in Subsection(6).
(2) (a) In capital sentencing proceedings, evidence may be presented on:
(i) the nature and circumstances of the crime;
(ii) the defendant's character, background, history, and mental and physical condition;
(iii) the victim and the impact of the crime on the victim's family and community withoutcomparison to other persons or victims; and
(iv) any other facts in aggravation or mitigation of the penalty that the court considersrelevant to the sentence.
(b) Any evidence the court considers to have probative force may be received regardlessof its admissibility under the exclusionary rules of evidence. The state's attorney and thedefendant shall be permitted to present argument for or against the sentence of death.
(3) Aggravating circumstances include those outlined in Section 76-5-202.
(4) Mitigating circumstances include:
(a) the defendant has no significant history of prior criminal activity;
(b) the homicide was committed while the defendant was under the influence of mentalor emotional disturbance;
(c) the defendant acted under duress or under the domination of another person;
(d) at the time of the homicide, the capacity of the defendant to appreciate thewrongfulness of his conduct or to conform his conduct to the requirement of law was impaired asa result of a mental condition, intoxication, or influence of drugs, except that "mental condition"under this Subsection (4)(d) does not mean an abnormality manifested primarily by repeatedcriminal conduct;
(e) the youth of the defendant at the time of the crime;
(f) the defendant was an accomplice in the homicide committed by another person andthe defendant's participation was relatively minor; and
(g) any other fact in mitigation of the penalty.
(5) (a) The court or jury, as the case may be, shall retire to consider the penalty. Exceptas provided in Subsection 76-3-207.5(2), in all proceedings before a jury, under this section, itshall be instructed as to the punishment to be imposed upon a unanimous decision for death andthat the penalty of either an indeterminate prison term of not less than 25 years and which may be
for life or life in prison without parole, shall be imposed if a unanimous decision for death is notfound.
(b) The death penalty shall only be imposed if, after considering the totality of theaggravating and mitigating circumstances, the jury is persuaded beyond a reasonable doubt thattotal aggravation outweighs total mitigation, and is further persuaded, beyond a reasonable doubt,that the imposition of the death penalty is justified and appropriate in the circumstances. If thejury reports unanimous agreement to impose the sentence of death, the court shall discharge thejury and shall impose the sentence of death.
(c) If the jury is unable to reach a unanimous decision imposing the sentence of death,the jury shall then determine whether the penalty of life in prison without parole shall beimposed, except as provided in Subsection 76-3-207.5(2). The penalty of life in prison withoutparole shall only be imposed if the jury determines that the sentence of life in prison withoutparole is appropriate. If the jury reports agreement by 10 jurors or more to impose the sentenceof life in prison without parole, the court shall discharge the jury and shall impose the sentence oflife in prison without parole. If 10 jurors or more do not agree upon a sentence of life in prisonwithout parole, the court shall discharge the jury and impose an indeterminate prison term of notless than 25 years and which may be for life.
(d) If the defendant waives hearing before the jury as to sentencing, with the approval ofthe court and the consent of the prosecution, the court shall determine the appropriate penaltyaccording to the standards of Subsections (5)(b) and (c).
(e) If the defendant is sentenced to more than one term of life in prison with or withoutthe possibility of parole, or in addition to a sentence of life in prison with or without thepossibility of parole the defendant is sentenced for other offenses which result in terms ofimprisonment, the judge shall determine whether the terms of imprisonment shall be imposed asconcurrent or consecutive sentences in accordance with Section 76-3-401.
(6) Upon any appeal by the defendant where the sentence is of death, the appellate court,if it finds prejudicial error in the sentencing proceeding only, may set aside the sentence of deathand remand the case to the trial court for new sentencing proceedings to the extent necessary tocorrect the error or errors. An error in the sentencing proceedings may not result in the reversalof the conviction of a capital felony. In cases of remand for new sentencing proceedings, allexhibits and a transcript of all testimony and other evidence properly admitted in the prior trialand sentencing proceedings are admissible in the new sentencing proceedings, and if thesentencing proceeding was before a:
(a) jury, a new jury shall be impaneled for the new sentencing proceeding unless thedefendant waives the hearing before the jury with the approval of the court and the consent of theprosecution, in which case the proceeding shall be held according to Subsection (6)(b) or (c), asapplicable;
(b) judge, the original trial judge shall conduct the new sentencing proceeding; or
(c) judge, and the original trial judge is unable or unavailable to conduct a newsentencing proceeding, then another judge shall be designated to conduct the new sentencingproceeding, and the new proceeding will be before a jury unless the defendant waives the hearingbefore the jury with the approval of the court and the consent of the prosecution.
(7) If the penalty of death is held to be unconstitutional by the Utah Supreme Court or theUnited States Supreme Court, the court having jurisdiction over a person previously sentenced todeath for a capital felony shall cause the person to be brought before the court, and the court shall
sentence the person to life in prison without parole.
(8) (a) If the appellate court's final decision regarding any appeal of a sentence of deathprecludes the imposition of the death penalty due to mental retardation or subaverage generalintellectual functioning under Section 77-15a-101, the court having jurisdiction over a defendantpreviously sentenced to death for a capital felony shall cause the defendant to be brought beforethe sentencing court, and the court shall sentence the defendant to life in prison without parole.
(b) If the appellate court precludes the imposition of the death penalty under Subsection(8)(a), but the appellate court finds that sentencing the defendant to life in prison without paroleis likely to result in a manifest injustice, it may remand the case to the sentencing court forfurther sentencing proceedings to determine if the defendant should serve a sentence of life inprison without parole or an indeterminate prison term of not less than 25 years and which may befor life.
Amended by Chapter 373, 2010 General Session