8151 - Limitations on liability.

                               SUBCHAPTER C                         MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS     Sec.     8151.  Limitations on liability.     8152.  Peer review.     8153.  Support of emergency medical services.     8154.  Prohibited acts.     8155.  Surrender of license, accreditation or certification.     8156.  Penalties.     8157.  Adjudications and judicial review.     § 8151.  Limitations on liability.        The following shall apply:            (1)  No medical command physician, medical command        facility medical director or medical command facility, which        in good faith provides a medical command to an EMS provider        or student enrolled in an EMS course of instruction approved        by the department, shall be liable for civil damages as a        result of issuing the instruction, absent a showing of gross        negligence or willful misconduct.            (2)  No EMS agency, EMS agency medical director or EMS        provider who in good faith attempts to render or facilitate        emergency medical care authorized by this chapter shall be        liable for civil damages as a result of an act or omission,        absent a showing of gross negligence or willful misconduct.        This paragraph shall also apply to students enrolled in        approved courses of instruction and supervised pursuant to        rules and regulations.            (3)  No approved EMS training institute nor any entity        participating as part of any approved educational program        offered by the institute as authorized by this chapter shall        be liable for any civil damages as a result of primary and        continuing educational practice by duly enrolled students        under proper supervision, absent a showing of gross        negligence or willful misconduct.            (4)  No EMS provider who in good faith attempts to render        emergency care authorized by this chapter at an emergency        scene while en route to a place of employment shall receive        any form of reprimand or penalty by an employer as a result        of late arrival at the place of employment. An employer may        require written verification from the EMS provider who shall        obtain the written verification from either the police        officer or other person who is in charge at the emergency        scene.            (5)  No EMS agency medical director or regional medical        director who in good faith gives instructions to or provides        primary and continuing educational training to an EMS        provider shall be liable for civil damages for issuing the        instructions, education or training, absent a showing of        gross negligence or willful misconduct.            (6)  Neither the department, the Commonwealth EMS Medical        Director, a regional EMS council medical director nor any        other official or employee of the department or a regional        EMS council shall be liable for civil damages arising out of        an EMS provider or a student enrolled in an EMS course of        instruction approved by the department following protocols        approved under this chapter.            (7)  No EMS provider or EMS agency may be subject to        civil liability based solely on failure to obtain consent in        rendering EMS to any person, regardless of age, where the        person is unable to give consent for any reason, including        minority, and where there is no other person reasonably        available who is legally authorized to give or refuse to give        consent, if the EMS provider has acted in good faith and        without knowledge of facts negating consent.            (8)  No EMS provider or EMS agency may be subject to        civil liability based solely on refusal to provide treatment        or services requested by the patient or the person        responsible for making medical care decisions for the patient        if the treatment or services requested are not prescribed or        authorized by Statewide or regional protocols established        under this chapter and the EMS provider has:                (i)  contacted a medical command physician who            refused to authorize the requested treatment or service;            or                (ii)  made a good faith effort to contact a medical            command physician and was unable to do so.            (9)  No dispatcher of EMS who in good faith collects        information about a patient from a caller or makes dispatch        assignments based upon the information collected may be        subject to civil liability based upon the information        collected or a dispatch assignment, absent a showing of gross        negligence or willful misconduct.