Section 289.1105 - Definitions; A to D.
FOOD LAW OF 2000 (EXCERPT)
Act 92 of 2000
289.1105 Definitions; A to D.
Sec. 1105.
As used in this act:
(a) "Adulterated" means food to which any of the following apply:
(i) It bears or contains any poisonous or deleterious substance that may render it injurious to health except that, if the substance is not an added substance, the food is not considered adulterated if the quantity of that substance in the food does not ordinarily render it injurious to health.
(ii) It bears or contains any added poisonous or added deleterious substance, other than a substance that is a pesticide chemical in or on a raw agricultural commodity; a food additive; or a color additive considered unsafe within the meaning of subparagraph (v).
(iii) It is a raw agricultural commodity that bears or contains a pesticide chemical considered unsafe within the meaning of subparagraph (v).
(iv) It bears or contains any food additive considered unsafe within the meaning of subparagraph (v) provided that where a pesticide chemical has been used in or on a raw agricultural commodity in conformity with an exemption granted or tolerance prescribed under subparagraph (v) and the raw agricultural commodity has been subjected to processing the residue of that pesticide chemical remaining in or on that processed food is, notwithstanding the provisions of subparagraph (v) and this subdivision, not be considered unsafe if that residue in or on the raw agricultural commodity has been removed to the extent possible in good manufacturing practice and if the concentration of that residue in the processed food when ready to eat is not greater than the tolerance prescribed for the raw agricultural commodity.
(v) Any added poisonous or deleterious substance, any food additive, and pesticide chemical in or on a raw agricultural commodity, or any color additive is considered unsafe for the purpose of application of this definition, unless there is in effect a federal regulation or exemption from regulation under the federal act, meat inspection act, poultry product inspection act, or other federal acts, or a rule adopted under this act limiting the quantity of the substance, and the use or intended use of the substance, and the use or intended use of the substance conforms to the terms prescribed by the rule.
(vi) It is or contains a new animal drug or conversion product of a new animal drug that is unsafe within the meaning of section 360b of the federal act, 21 USC 360b.
(vii) It consists in whole or in part of a diseased, contaminated, filthy, putrid, or decomposed substance or it is otherwise unfit for food.
(viii) It has been produced, prepared, packed, or held under insanitary conditions in which it may have become contaminated with filth or in which it may have been rendered diseased, unwholesome, or injurious to health.
(ix) It is the product of a diseased animal or an animal that has died other than by slaughter or that has been fed uncooked garbage or uncooked offal from a slaughterhouse.
(x) Its container is composed, in whole or in part, of any poisonous or deleterious substance that may render the contents injurious to health.
(xi) A valuable constituent has been in whole or in part omitted or abstracted from the food; a substance has been substituted wholly or in part for the food; damage or inferiority has been concealed in any manner; or a substance has been added to the food or mixed or packed with the food so as to increase its bulk or weight, reduce its quality or strength, or make it appear better or of greater value than it is.
(xii) It is confectionery and has partially or completely imbedded in it any nonnutritive object except in the case of any nonnutritive object if, as provided by rules, the object is of practical functional value to the confectionery product and would not render the product injurious or hazardous to health; it bears or contains any alcohol other than alcohol not in excess of 1/2 of 1% by volume derived solely from the use of flavoring extracts; or it bears or contains any nonnutritive substance except a nonnutritive substance such as harmless coloring, harmless flavoring, harmless resinous glaze not in excess of 4/10 of 1%, harmless natural wax not in excess of 4/10 of 1%, harmless natural gum and pectin or to any chewing gum by reason of its containing harmless nonnutritive masticatory substances which is in or on confectionery by reason of its use for some practical functional purpose in the manufacture, packaging, or storage of such confectionery if the use of the substance does not promote deception of the consumer or otherwise result in adulteration or misbranding in violation of the provisions of this act. For the purpose of avoiding or resolving uncertainty as to the application of this subdivision, the director may issue rules allowing or prohibiting the use of particular nonnutritive substances.
(xiii) It is or bears or contains any color additive that is unsafe within the meaning of subparagraph (v).
(xiv) It has been intentionally subjected to radiation, unless the use of the radiation was in conformity with a rule or exemption under this act or a regulation or exemption under the federal act.
(xv) It is bottled water that contains a substance at a level higher than allowed under this act.
(b) "Advertisement" means a representation disseminated in any manner or by any means, other than by labeling, for the purpose of inducing, or which is likely to induce, directly or indirectly, the purchase of food.
(c) "Agricultural use operation" means a maple syrup production facility or similar food establishment that finishes a raw commodity and is integral to the agricultural production of, and is located at, a farm. An agricultural use operation is not considered a food processing plant or retail processing operation for purposes of personal or real property but must meet those same standards and licensing requirements as prescribed in this act.
(d) "Bed and breakfast" means a private residence that offers sleeping accommodations to transient tenants in 14 or fewer rooms for rent, is the innkeeper's residence in which the innkeeper resides while renting the rooms to transient tenants, and serves breakfasts, or other meals in the case of a bed and breakfast described in section 1107(n)(ii), at no extra cost to its transient tenants. A bed and breakfast is not considered a food service establishment if exempt under section 1107(n)(ii) or (iii).
(e) "Color additive" means a dye, pigment, or other substance made by process of synthesis or similar artifice or extracted, isolated, or otherwise derived, with or without intermediate or final change of identity from a vegetable, animal, mineral, or other source, or when added or applied to a food or any part of a food is capable alone or through reaction with other substance of imparting color to the food. Color additive does not include any material that is exempt or hereafter is exempted under the federal act. This subdivision does not apply to any pesticide chemical, soil or plant nutrient, or other agricultural chemical solely because of its effect in aiding, retarding, or otherwise affecting, directly or indirectly, the growth of other natural physiological process of produce of the soil and thereby affecting its color, whether before or after harvest. Color includes black, white, and intermediate grays.
(f) "Contaminated with filth" means contamination applicable to any food not securely protected from dust, dirt, and, as far as may be necessary by all reasonable means, from all foreign or injurious contaminations.
(g) "Continental breakfast" means the serving of only non-potentially-hazardous food such as a roll, pastry or doughnut, fruit juice, or hot beverage, but may also include individual portions of milk and other items incidental to those foods.
(h) "Cottage food operation" means a person who produces or packages cottage food products only in a kitchen of that person's primary domestic residence within this state.
(i) "Cottage food product" means a food that is not potentially hazardous food as that term is defined in the food code. Examples of cottage food product include, but are not limited to, jams, jellies, dried fruit, candy, cereal, granola, dry mixes, vinegar, dried herbs, and baked goods that do not require temperature control for safety. Cottage food product does not include all potentially hazardous food regulated under 21 CFR 113 and 114, examples of which include, but are not limited to, meat and poultry products; salsa; milk products; bottled water and other beverages; and home-produced ice products. Cottage food product also does not include canned low-acid fruits or acidified vegetables and other canned foods except for jams, jellies, and preserves as defined in 21 CFR 150.
(j) "Critical violation" or "critical item" means a violation of the food code that the director determines is more likely than other violations to contribute to food contamination, illness to humans, or environmental health hazard.
(k) "Domestic residence" means a single-family dwelling or an area within a rental unit where a single person or family actually resides. Domestic residence does not include either of the following:
(i) A group or communal residential setting within any type of structure.
(ii) An outbuilding, shed, barn, or other similar structure.
History: 2000, Act 92, Eff. Nov. 8, 2000 ;-- Am. 2007, Act 113, Eff. Apr. 1, 2008 ;-- Am. 2008, Act 338, Imd. Eff. Dec. 23, 2008 ;-- Am. 2010, Act 113, Imd. Eff. July 12, 2010
Compiler's Notes: Sec. 1117 of Act 92 of 2000 provides:“Sec. 1117. (1) Subject to subsections (2) and (3), this act takes effect 6 months after the date of enactment.“(2) Until 6 months after the effective date of this act, compliance with the standards of the design, construction, and equipment of a food service establishment approved under former sections 12901, 12902, 12903, 12904, 12905a, 12906, 12907, 12908, 12910, 12911, 12912, 12913, 12916, and 12921 of the public health code, MCL 333.12901, 333.12902, 333.12903, 333.12904, 333.12905a, 333.12906, 333.12907, 333.12908, 333.12910, 333.12911, 333.12912, 333.12913, 333.12916, and 333.12921, is considered compliance with this act.“(3) Beginning 6 months after the effective date of this act, a food service establishment shall comply with the standards of design, construction, and equipment established under this act.”