Sec. 31-301. Appeals to the Compensation Review Board. Payment of award during pendency of appeal.
Sec. 31-301. Appeals to the Compensation Review Board. Payment of award
during pendency of appeal. (a) At any time within twenty days after entry of an award
by the commissioner, after a decision of the commissioner upon a motion or after an
order by the commissioner according to the provisions of section 31-299b, either party
may appeal therefrom to the Compensation Review Board by filing in the office of the
commissioner from which the award or the decision on a motion originated an appeal
petition and five copies thereof. The commissioner within three days thereafter shall
mail the petition and three copies thereof to the chief of the Compensation Review Board
and a copy thereof to the adverse party or parties. If a party files a motion subsequent
to the finding and award, order or decision, the twenty-day period for filing an appeal
of an award or an order by the commissioner shall commence on the date of the decision
on such motion.
(b) The appeal shall be heard by the Compensation Review Board as provided in
section 31-280b. The Compensation Review Board shall hear the appeal on the record
of the hearing before the commissioner, provided, if it is shown to the satisfaction of
the board that additional evidence or testimony is material and that there were good
reasons for failure to present it in the proceedings before the commissioner, the Compensation Review Board may hear additional evidence or testimony.
(c) Upon the final determination of the appeal by the Compensation Review Board,
but no later than one year after the date the appeal petition was filed, the Compensation
Review Board shall issue its decision, affirming, modifying or reversing the decision
of the commissioner. The decision of the Compensation Review Board shall include its
findings, conclusions of law and award.
(d) When any appeal is pending, and it appears to the Compensation Review Board
that any part of the award appealed from is not affected by the issues raised by the
appeal, the Compensation Review Board may, on motion or of its own motion, render
a judgment directing compliance with any portion of the award not affected by the
appeal; or if the only issue raised by the appeal is the amount of the average weekly
wage for the purpose of determining the amount of compensation, as provided in section
31-310, the commissioner shall, on motion of the claimant, direct the payment of the
portion of the compensation payable under his award that is not in dispute, if any, pending
final adjudication of the disputed portion thereof. In all appeals in which one of the
parties is not represented by counsel, and in which the party taking the appeal does not
prosecute the case within a reasonable time from the date of appeal, the Compensation
Review Board may, of its own motion, affirm, reverse or modify the award.
(e) When an appeal is taken to the Compensation Review Board, the chief clerk
thereof shall notify the commissioner from whose award the appeal was taken, in writing,
of any action of the Compensation Review Board thereon and of the final disposition
of the appeal, whether by judgment, withdrawal or otherwise, and shall upon the decision
of the appeal, furnish the commissioner with a copy of the decision. Whenever any
appeal is pending, if it appears to the Compensation Review Board that justice so requires, the Compensation Review Board shall order a certified copy of the evidence for
the use of the employer, the employee or both, and the certified copy shall be made
a part of the record on the appeal. The procedure in appealing from an award of the
commissioner shall be the same as the procedure employed in an appeal from the Superior Court to the Supreme Court, where applicable. The chairman of the Workers' Compensation Commission shall adopt regulations, in accordance with the provisions of
chapter 54, to establish rules, methods of procedure and forms as the chairman deems
expedient for the purposes of this chapter.
(f) During the pendency of any appeal of an award made pursuant to this chapter,
the claimant shall receive all compensation and medical treatment payable under the
terms of the award to the extent the compensation and medical treatment are not being
paid by any health insurer or by any insurer or employer who has been ordered, pursuant
to the provisions of subsection (a) of this section, to pay a portion of the award. The
compensation and medical treatment shall be paid by the employer or its insurer.
(g) If the final adjudication results in the denial of compensation to the claimant,
and he has previously received compensation on the claim pursuant to subsection (f)
and this subsection, the claimant shall reimburse the employer or its insurer for all sums
previously expended, plus interest at the rate of ten per cent per annum. Upon any such
denial of compensation, the commissioner who originally heard the case or his successor
shall conduct a hearing to determine the repayment schedule for the claimant.
(1949 Rev., S. 7450; 1958 Rev., S. 31-177; 1961, P.A. 491, S. 23; 1963, P.A. 642, S. 85; 1967, P.A. 692, S. 2; 1972,
P.A. 108, S. 6; P.A. 74-183, S. 268, 291; P.A. 76-436, S. 231, 681; P.A. 78-280, S. 1, 127; P.A. 79-540, S. 3; P.A. 81-155,
S. 2; 81-472, S. 144, 159; P.A. 84-133; P.A. 86-27; 86-56; P.A. 91-32, S. 19, 41; 91-339, S. 20, 55; P.A. 95-277, S. 9, 19;
P.A. 01-22, S. 1; P.A. 07-31, S. 2.)
History: 1961 act entirely replaced previous provisions; 1963 act allowed appeals after commissioner's decision upon
a motion and required that appeals be made to court for county where injury occurred rather than county where award was
filed, adding provision re court for appeal when injury occurred outside state; 1967 act deleted references to findings of
commissioners and specified that appeal procedure is same as for appeals from superior court to supreme court; 1972 act
replaced superior court with court of common pleas throughout section, effective September 1, 1972, except that courts
with cases pending retain jurisdiction; P.A. 74-183 added references to judicial districts and made appeal procedure same
as for appeals from court of common pleas to superior court, effective December 31, 1974; P.A. 76-436 replaced court of
common pleas with superior court and deleted provision re appeal procedure, effective July 1, 1978; P.A. 78-280 deleted
references to counties; P.A. 79-540 replaced provisions re appeals to superior court with new provisions re appeals to
compensation review division; P.A. 81-155 permitted the appeal of orders made by the commissioner according to the
provisions of Sec. 31-299b; P.A. 81-472 made technical changes; P.A. 84-133 added Subsec. (b), providing for the payment
of compensation and benefits due under an occupational disease award during the pendency of any appeal of such award;
P.A. 86-27 provided that compensation and benefits due under any award made pursuant to this chapter shall be paid by
the second injury fund during the pendency of any appeal of the award; P.A. 86-56 required the compensation review
division to issue its decision on any appeal within one year of the filing of the appeal petition, except that any decision on
an appeal pending on October 1, 1986, shall be issued within one year of said date; P.A. 91-32 divided existing Subsec.
(a) into Subsecs. (a) to (e), inclusive, divided existing Subsec. (b) into Subsecs. (f) and (g) and made technical changes;
P.A. 91-339 changed "compensation review division" to "compensation review board", changed "chairman" to "chief"
of the board, added reference to Sec. 31-380b in Subsec. (b) and authorized the chairman of the workers' compensation
commission to adopt regulations in Subsec. (e); P.A. 95-277 amended Subsec. (f) to provide that the compensation and
medical treatment of the injured employee be paid by the employer or its insurer rather than Second Injury Fund and, in
Subsec. (g) substituted references to "Second Injury Fund" with "employer or its insurer" to reflect the closing of the
Second Injury Fund and deleted provision re reimbursement of Second Injury Fund by employer, effective July 1, 1995;
P.A. 01-22 amended Subsec. (a) by increasing the time to take an appeal from 10 to 20 days; P.A. 07-31 amended Subsec.
(a) by commencing 20-day period for filing appeal, where motion filed subsequent to finding and award, order or decision,
on date of decision on motion.
Appeal does not open the case for trial de novo. 89 C. 143, 150; Id., 370; 92 C. 90. The commissioner's finding is part
of the record and may be corrected by the superior court in the same manner as the finding of a trial court by the supreme
court. 90 C. 446; 91 C. 531; 92 C. 90; 93 C. 94; 95 C. 673; 96 C. 634; 98 C. 287; Id., 755; 99 C. 355; 103 C. 429; 104 C.
537; 107 C. 251. Reasons of appeal and answer thereto should be filed in the court. 91 C. 227. What justifies setting award
aside. 93 C. 83; 94 C. 9; 96 C. 299. If the court materially alters the finding, it should recommit it to the commissioner to
decide on the altered facts. 97 C. 77; 106 C. 254. Conclusion of fact based on subordinate facts is reviewable by the court.
100 C. 347; 102 C. 5; Id., 237; Id., 472. There is no appeal from refusal of commissioner to rehear the case or alter his
finding. 101 C. 358; 108 C. 161. Where the facts found are too indefinite to support the award, finding should be recommitted
to commissioner. 102 C. 238; 106 C. 215; Id., 253; 107 C. 171; Id., 647. Nature of the appeal and correction of finding by
superior court fully reviewed. 102 C. 514. Court should not set aside award because it differs with the commissioner as to
preponderance of evidence. 106 C. 109. There is no appeal from an award of commissioner made in compliance with the
decision of the superior court on a former appeal; appeal must be to the supreme court from the superior court decision.
108 C. 159. Expense of printing testimony not taxable as costs on appeal. 109 C. 737. Superior court cannot change finding
unless commissioner has found facts without evidence or has reached unreasonable conclusions. 120 C. 606; 121 C. 56;
Id., 483; Id., 541; Id., 708; 122 C. 129. When entire transcript may properly be filed. 121 C. 274. When testimony necessary
for proper determination of case is not presented, case remanded for further hearing. Id. Motion to erase proper method
to raise question whether there was a judgment from which appeal might be taken. 123 C. 103. Cited. 132 C. 209. Where
motion to open award is made by party who intends to appeal from award if motion is denied, he may postpone the filing
of the appeal until the motion is determined. 134 C. 269. Where commissioner failed to pass upon specific claim potentially
decisive of the case, it should be returned for further proceedings. 138 C. 482. Cited. 141 C. 321. Section affects the court
to which appeal is taken not employee's right to compensation. Appeal brought to superior court after Sept. 1, 1972 was
brought to wrong court and superior court has no jurisdiction. 169 C. 646. Cited. 179 C. 662. Cited. 207 C. 420. Cited.
213 C. 54. Cited. 217 C. 143. Cited. 220 C. 739. Cited. 232 C. 758. Cited. 233 C. 14. Cited. 235 C. 790. Cited. 239 C. 408.
Cited. 240 C. 788. Provision re payment deadline applies when payment is due under an award by compensation review
board. 249 C. 365. Ten-day appeal period tolled when aggrieved party establishes that, through no fault of his own, he did
not receive notice of commissioner's decision within ten days of the date it was sent. 250 C. 581. Provision re ten-day
period for appeal commences on the date notice is sent to a party's counsel. Id., 592.
Cited. 1 CA 142. Cited. 7 CA 142. Cited. 11 CA 693. Cited. 16 CA 138. Cited. 33 CA 695; judgment reversed, see 231
C. 469. P.A. 91-339, Sec. 20 cited. Id. Cited. 36 CA 150; Id., 298. Cited. 38 CA 1. Cited. 39 CA 717. Cited. 45 CA 199.
In matter where the issue was causation of injury, board did not improperly substitute its factual findings for those of
commissioner but rather determined that commissioner's finding could not stand without the support of expert medical
testimony and properly refused to remand the case for further proceedings. 62 CA 440.
Authority to extend time for taking an appeal. 9 CS 38. Imposes on party seeking the order, the burden of showing (1)
inability to pay and (2) that justice requires the action of the commissioner be appealed from. Id., 379. A plea in abatement
and not a motion to expunge is appropriate remedy to attack appeal not brought within ten days. 15 CS 33. Cited. 17 CS
288; 27 CS 410. Amendment of October 1, 1967, applied to pending appeal which was then dismissed for failure to
prosecute with due diligence. 24 CS 411. Cited. 38 CS 648.
Subsec. (a):
Cited. 206 C. 242. Cited. 207 C. 535. Cited. 212 C. 441. Cited. 227 C. 333. Cited. 228 C. 535. Cited. 231 C. 469. Cited.
237 C. 1. Cited. 241 C. 282.
Cited. 33 CA 495. Proper interpretation of limitation period contained in this section is that ten-day period begins to
run on day on which party wanting appeal is sent meaningful notice of commissioner's decision. 36 CA 298. Cited. 37
CA 392. Cited. 46 CA 298. Ten-day appeal period begins to run on day on which party wanting to appeal is sent meaningful
notice of commissioner's decision. 49 CA 1. Notice must be sent directly to plaintiff, not plaintiff's attorney, in order for
appeal period to commence. 51 CA 92.
Subsec. (b):
Cited. 227 C. 333. Cited. 231 C. 287.
Subsec. (c):
It is implicit in statutory authority to reverse a decision of the trial commissioner that board may remand a case for a
new hearing. 251 C. 153. Legislature did not intend to impose unstated limitations on review board's discretion to order
appropriately adjudicated new hearings. Id.
Cited. 34 CA 673.
Subsec. (f):
Should be applied retroactively to all cases not actually transferred to the fund prior to the date provision became
effective; concurring opinion based on legislative intent. 243 C. 311.