CFR > Title 7 - Agriculture > SUBTITLE B—Regulations of the Department of Agriculture > CHAPTER VIII—GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (parts 800 to 868) > PART 800—GENERAL REGULATIONS > 800.86—Inspection of shiplot, unit train, and lash barge grain in single lots.

800.86—Inspection of shiplot, unit train, and lash barge grain in single lots.

(a) General. Official inspection for grade of bulk or sacked grain aboard, or being loaded aboard, or being unloaded from a ship, unit train, or lash barges as a single lot shall be performed according to the provisions of this section and procedures prescribed in the instructions.
(b) Application procedure. Applications for the official inspection of shiplot, unit train, and lash barges as a single lot shall:
(1) Be filed in advance of loading or unloading;
(2) Show the estimated quantity of grain to be certificated;
(3) Show the contract grade and official criteria if applicable; and
(4) Identify the carrier and stowage area into which the grain is being loaded, or from which the grain is being unloaded, or in which the grain is at rest.
(c) Inspection procedures— (1) General information. Shiplot, unit train, and lash barge grain officially inspected as a single lot shall be sampled in a reasonably continuous operation. Representative samples shall be obtained from the grain offered for inspection and inspected and graded in accordance with a statistical acceptance sampling and inspection plan according to the provisions of this section and procedures prescribed in the instructions.
(2) Tolerances. The probability of accepting or rejecting portions of the lot during loading or unloading is dependent on inspection results obtained from preceding portions and the applied breakpoints and procedures. Breakpoints shall be periodically reviewed and revised based on new estimates of inspection variability. Tables 1 through 24 list the breakpoints for all grains.
Table 1—Grade Limits (GL) and Breakpoints (BP) for Six-Rowed Malting Barley and Six-Rowed Blue Malting Barley
Grade Minimum limits of— Maximum limits of—
Test weight per bushel (pounds) Suitable malting types (percent) Sound barley (percent) 1 Damaged kernels (percent) Foreign material (percent) Other grains (percent) Skinned and broken kernels (percent) Thin barley (percent)
GL BP GL BP GL BP GL BP GL BP GL BP GL BP GL BP
U.S. No. 1 47.0−0.5 95.0−1.3 97.0−1.0 2.00.8 0.50.1 2.00.8 4.01.1 7.00.6
U.S. No. 2 45.0−0.5 95.0−1.3 94.0−1.4 3.00.9 1.00.4 3.00.9 6.01.4 10.00.9
U.S. No. 3 43.0−0.5 95.0−1.3 90.0−1.6 4.01.1 2.00.5 5.01.3 8.01.5 15.00.9
U.S. No. 4 43.0−0.5 95.0−1.3 87.0−1.9 5.01.3 3.00.6 5.01.3 10.01.6 15.00.9
1 Injured-by-frost kernels and injured-by-mold kernels are not considered damaged kernels or considered against sound barley.
Table 2—Grade Limits (GL) and Breakpoints (BP) for Two-Rowed Malting Barley
Grade Minimum limits of— Maximum limits of—
Test weight per bushel (pounds) Suitable malting types (percent) Sound barley 1 (percent) Wild oats (percent) Foreign material (percent) Skinned and broken kernels (percent) Thin barley (percent)
GL BP GL BP GL BP GL BP GL BP GL BP GL BP
U.S. No. 1 50.0−0.5 97.0−1.0 98.0−0.8 1.00.6 0.50.1 5.01.3 5.00.4
U.S. No. 2 48.0−0.5 97.0−1.0 98.0−0.8 1.00.6 1.00.4 7.01.3 7.00.5
U.S. No. 3 48.0−0.5 95.0−1.3 96.0−1.1 2.00.8 2.00.5 10.01.8 10.00.9
U.S. No. 4 48.0−0.5 95.0−1.3 93.0−1.1 3.00.9 3.00.6 10.01.8 10.00.9
Code of Federal Regulations 432
1 Injured-by-frost kernels and injured-by-mold kernels are not considered damaged kernels or considered against sound barley.
Note: Malting barley shall not be infested in accordance with § 810.107(b) and shall not contain any special grades as defined in § 810.206 . Six- and two-rowed barley varieties not meeting the above requirements shall be graded in accordance with standards established for the class Barley.
Table 3—Grade Limits (GL) and Breakpoints (BP) for Barley
Grade Minimum limits of— Maximum limits of—
Test weight per bushel (pounds) Sound barley (percent) Damaged kernels 1 (percent) Heat damaged kernels (percent) Foreign material (percent) Broken kernels (percent) Thin barley (percent)
GL BP GL BP GL BP GL BP GL BP GL BP GL BP
U.S. No. 1 47.0−0.5 97.0−1.1 2.00.8 0.20.1 1.00.4 4.01.0 10.00.9
U.S. No. 2 45.0−0.5 94.0−1.4 4.01.0 0.30.1 2.00.4 8.01.5 15.00.9
U.S. No. 3 43.0−0.5 90.0−1.6 6.01.4 0.50.2 3.00.5 12.01.8 25.01.3
U.S. No. 4 40.0−0.5 85.0−2.2 8.01.5 1.00.5 4.00.5 18.01.8 35.01.9
U.S. No. 5 36.0−0.5 75.0−2.2 10.01.8 3.00.6 5.00.6 28.02.4 75.02.3
1 Includes heat-damaged kernels. Injured-by-frost kernels and injured-by-mold kernels are not considered damaged kernels.
Table 4—Breakpoints for Barley Special Grades and Factors
Special grade or factor Grade or range limit Breakpoint
Dockage As specified by contract or load order 0.23
Two-rowed Barley Not more than 10.0% of Six-rowed in Two-rowed 1.8
Six-rowed Barley Not more than 10.0% of Two-rowed in Six-rowed 1.8
Malting (Blue Aleurone Layers) Not less than 90.0% −1.3
Malting (White Aleurone Layers) Not less than 90.0% −1.3
Smutty More than 0.20% 0.06
Garlicky 3 or more in 500 grams 21/3
Ergoty More than 0.10% 0.13
Infested Same as in § 810.107 0
Blighted More than 4.0% 1.1
Injured-by-Frost Kernels Not more than 1.9% 0.1
Injured-by-Heat Kernels Not more than 0.2% 0.04
Frost-damaged Kernels Not more than 0.4% 0.05
Heat-damaged Kernels Not more than 0.1% 0.1
Other Grains Not more than 25.0% 2.4
Moisture As specified by contract or load order grade 0.5
Table 5—Grade Limits (GL) and Breakpoints (BP) for Corn
Grade Minimum test weight per bushel (pounds) Maximum limits of— Damaged kernels Heat-damaged kernels (percent) Total (percent) Broken corn and foreign material (percent)
GLBP GLBP GLBP GLBP
U.S. No. 1 56.0−0.4 0.10.1 3.01.0 2.00.2
U.S. No. 2 54.0−0.4 0.20.2 5.01.3 3.00.3
U.S. No. 3 52.0−0.4 0.50.3 7.01.5 4.00.3
U.S. No. 4 49.0−0.4 1.00.5 10.01.8 5.00.4
U.S. No. 5 46.0−0.4 3.00.9 15.02.1 7.00.4
Table 6—Breakpoints for Corn Special Grades and Factors
Special grade or factor Grade limit Breakpoint
Flint 95 percent or more of flint corn −1.0
Flint and Dent More than 5 percent, but less than 95 percent of flint corn 1.0 or −1.0
Infested Same as in § 810.107 0
Corn of other colors:
White Not more than 2.0 percent 0.8
Yellow Not more than 5.0 percent 1.0
Waxy 95 percent or more −3.0
High BCFM As specified by contract or load order grade 10 percent of the load order grade
Moisture As specified by contract or load order grade 0.4
Table 7—Grade limits (GL) and Breakpoints (BP) for Flaxseed
Grade Minimum test weight per bushel (pounds) Maximum limits of-damaged kernels
Heat-damaged kernels (percent) Total (percent)
GLBP GLBP GLBP
U.S. No. 1 49.0-0.1 0.20.1 10.00.9
U.S. No. 2 47.0-0.1 0.50.1 15.01.1
Table 8—Breakpoints for Flaxseed Special Grades and Factors
Special grade or factor Grade limit Breakpoint
Moisture As specified by load order or contract grade 0.4
Dockage 0.99 percent or above 0.32
Table 9—Grade Limits (GL) and Breakpoints (BP) for Mixed Grain
Grade Maximum Limits of— Moisture (percent) Damaged kernels Total (percent) Heat-damaged kernels (percent)
GLBP GLBP
U.S. Mixed Grain 16.0 15.00.6 3.00.4
Note: There is no tolerance for U.S. Sample grade Mixed Grain.
Table 10—Breakpoints for Mixed Grain Special Grades and Factors
Special grade or factor Grade limit Breakpoint
Smutty 15 or more in 250 grams (wheat, rye, or triticale predominates) 6
More than 0.2% (all other mixtures) 0.05
Ergoty More than 0.30% (rye wheat predominates) 0.13
More than 0.10% (all other mixtures) 0
Garlicky 2 or more per 1,000 grams (wheat, rye, or triticale predominates) 1
4 or more per 500 grams (all other mixtures) 2
Infested Same as in § 810.107 0
Blighted More than 4.0% (barley predominates) 1.1
Treated Same as in § 810.805 0
Moisture As specified by contract or load order grade 0.5
Table 11—Grade Limits (GL) and Breakpoints (BP) for Oats
Grade Minimum limits of— Maximum limits of—
Test weight per bushel (pounds) Sound Oats (percent) Heat-damaged kernels (percent) Foreign material (percent) Wild Oats (percent)
GLBP GLBP GLBP GLBP GLBP
U.S. No. 1 36.0−0.5 97.0−0.8 0.10.1 2.00.4 2.00.6
U.S. No. 2 33.0−0.5 94.0−1.2 0.30.4 3.00.4 3.00.8
Code of Federal Regulations 434
U.S. No. 3 1 30.0−0.5 90.0−1.4 1.00.5 4.00.5 5.01.1
U.S. No. 4 2 27.0−0.5 80.0−1.9 3.00.8 5.00.5 10.01.4
1 Oats that are Slightly Weathered shall be graded not higher than U.S. No. 3.
2 Oats that are Badly Stained or Materially Weathered shall be graded not higher than U.S. No. 4.
Table 12—Breakpoints for Oats Special Grades and Factors
Special grade or factors Grade limit Breakpoint
Heavy 38 pounds or more −0.5
Extra Heavy 40 pounds or more −0.5
Moisture As specified by contract or load order grade 0.5
Thin More than 20.0% 0.5
Smutty More than 0.2% 0.05
Ergoty More than 0.10% 0.10
Garlicky 4 or more in 500 grams 21/3
Infested Same as in § 810.107 0
Bleached Same as in § 810.1005 0
Table 13—Grade Limits (GL) and Breakpoints (BP) for Rye
Grade Minimum test weight per bushel (pounds) Maximum limits of— Foreign Material Foreign matter other than wheat (percent) Total (percent) Damaged kernels(percent) Heat-damaged (percent) Total (percent) Thin rye (percent)
GL BP GLBP GLBP GLBP GLBP GLBP
U.S. No. 1 56.0−0.5 1.00.4 3.00.8 0.20.1 2.00.8 10.00.6
U.S. No. 2 54.0−0.5 2.00.5 6.01.1 0.20.1 4.01.1 15.00.8
U.S. No. 3 52.0−0.5 4.00.8 10.01.4 0.50.4 7.01.4 25.00.9
U.S. No. 4 49.0−0.5 6.00.8 10.01.4 3.00.8 15.02.0
Table 14—Breakpoints for Rye Special Grades and Factors
Special grade or factor Grade limit Breakpoint
Moisture As specified by contract or load order grade 0.3
Light Garlicky 2 or more per 1,000 grams 11/3
Garlicky More than 6 per 1,000 grams 71/3
Ergoty More than 0.30% 0.10
Plump Not more than 5.0% through 0.064×3/8 sieve 0.5
Light Smutty More than 14 per 250 grams 6
Smutty More than 30 per 250 grams 10
Infested Same as in § 810.107 0
Dockage As specified by contract or load order grade 0.2
Table 15—Grade Limits (GL) and Breakpoints (BP) for Sorghum
Grade Minimum test weight per bushel(pounds) Maximum limits of— Damaged kernels Heat-damaged(percent) Total(percent) Broken kernels and foreign material Total(percent) Foreignmaterial(percent)
GLBP GLBP GL BP GL BP GL BP
U.S. No. 1 57.0−0.4 0.20.1 2.01.1 3.00.5 1.00.4
U.S. No. 2 55.0−0.4 0.5−0.4 5.01.8 6.00.6 2.00.5
U.S. No. 3 1 53.0−0.4 1.00.5 10.02.3 8.00.7 3.00.6
U.S. No. 4 51.0−0.4 3.00.8 15.02.8 10.00.8 4.00.7
Code of Federal Regulations 435
1 Sorghum that is distinctly discolored shall be graded not higher than U.S. No. 3.
Table 16—Breakpoints for Sorghum Special Grades and Factors
Special grade or factors Grade limit Breakpoint
Class Tannin Not less than 90.0% −1.9
Sorghum Not less than 97.0% −1.0
White Not less than 98.0% −0.9
Smutty 20 or more in 100 grams 8
Infested Same as in § 810.107 0
Dockage 0.99% and above 0.32
Moisture As specified by contract or load order grade 0.5
Table 17—Grade Limits (GL) and Breakpoints (BP) for Soybeans
Grade Maximum limits of— Damaged kernels Heat-damaged (percent) GL BP Total (percent) GL BP Foreign material (percent) GL BP Splits (percent) GL BP Soybeans of other colors (percent) GL BP
U.S. No. 1 0.2 0.2 2.0 0.8 1.0 0.2 10.0 1.6 1.0 0.7
U.S. No. 2 0.5 0.3 3.0 0.9 2.0 0.3 20.0 2.2 2.0 1.0
U.S. No. 3 1 1.0 0.5 5.0 1.2 3.0 0.4 30.0 2.5 5.0 1.6
U.S. No. 4 2 3.0 0.9 8.0 1.5 5.0 0.5 40.0 2.7 10.0 2.3
1 Soybeans that are purple mottled or stained which will not be graded higher than U.S. No. 3.
2 Soybeans that are materially weathered which will not be graded not higher than U.S. No. 4.
Table 18—Breakpoints for Soybean Special Grades and Factors
Special grade or factor Grade limit Breakpoint
Garlicky 5 or more per 1,000 grams 2
Infested Same as in § 810.107 0
Soybeans of other colors Not more than 10.0% 2.3
Moisture As specified by contract or load order grade 0.3
Test Weight As specified by contract or load order −0.4
Table 20—Breakpoints for Sunflower Seed Special Grades and Factors
Special grade or factor Grade limit Breakpoint
Moisture As specified by contract or load order grade 0.5
Foreign Material 1.25% and less 0.27
1.26% and above 0.39
Admixture As specified by contract or load order grade 0.6
Table 21—Grade Limits (GL) and Breakpoints (BP) for Triticale
Grade Minimum test weight per bushel (percent) Maximum limits of— Damaged kernels Heat-damaged (percent) Total 1 (percent) Foreign material Material other than wheat or rye (percent) Total 2 (percent) Shrunken and broken kernels (percent) Defects 3 (percent)
GLBP GLBP GLBP GLBP GLBP GLBP GLBP
U.S. No. 1 48.0-0.5 0.20.1 2.00.8 1.00.4 2.00.6 5.00.8 5.01.3
U.S. No. 2 45.0-0.5 0.20.1 4.01.1 2.00.5 4.00.9 8.00.8 8.01.3
U.S. No. 3 43.0-0.5 0.50.4 8.01.5 3.00.6 7.01.2 12.01.6 12.02.3
U.S. No. 4 41.0-0.5 3.00.8 15.02.0 4.00.8 10.01.4 20.02.3 20.02.3
1 Includes heat-damaged kernels.
2 Includes material other than wheat or rye.
3 Defects includes damaged kernels (total), foreign material (total), and shrunken and broken kernels. The sum of these three factors may not exceed the limit for defects for each numerical grade.
Table 22—Breakpoints for Triticale Special Grades and Factors
Special grade or factor Grade limit Breakpoint
Garlicky 2 or more per 1,000 grams 11/3
Ergoty More than 0.10% 0.1
Smutty More than 14 per 250 grams 6
Infested Same as in § 810.107 0
Dockage 0.99% or above 0.32
Moisture As specified by contract or load order grade 0.5
Table 23—Grade Limits (GL) and Breakpoints (BP) for Wheat




Grade Minimum limits of— Test weight per bushel Hard red spring wheat or white club wheat 1 (pounds) All other classes and subclasses (pounds) Maximum limits of— Damaged kernels Heat-damaged kernels (percent) Total 2 (percent) Foreign material (percent) Shrunken and broken kernels (percent) Defects 3 (percent) Wheat of other classes 4 Contrasting classes (percent) Total 5 (percent)
GL BP GL BP GL BP GL BP GL BP GL BP GL BP GL BP GL BP
U.S. No. 1 58.0 −0.3 60.0 −0.3 0.2 0.2 2.0 1.0 0.4 0.2 3.0 0.3 3.0 0.7 1.0 0.7 3.0 1.6
U.S. No. 2 57.0 −0.3 58.0 −0.3 0.2 0.2 4.0 1.5 0.7 0.3 5.0 0.4 5.0 0.9 2.0 1.0 5.0 2.1
U.S. No. 3 55.0 −0.3 56.0 −0.3 0.5 0.3 7.0 1.9 1.3 0.4 8.0 0.5 8.0 1.2 3.0 1.3 10.0 2.9
U.S. No. 4 53.0 −0.3 54.0 −0.3 1.0 0.4 10.0 2.3 3.0 0.6 12.0 0.6 12.0 1.4 10.0 2.3 10.0 2.9
Code of Federal Regulations 438
U.S. No. 5 50.0 −0.3 51.0 −0.3 3.0 0.7 15.0 2.7 5.0 0.7 20.0 0.7 20.0 1.5 10.0 2.3 10.0 2.9
1 These requirements also apply when Hard Red Spring or White Club wheat predominate in a sample of Mixed wheat.
2 Includes heat-damaged kernels.