12.3—Applicability.
(a) Geographic scope.
The provisions of this part shall apply to all land, including Indian tribal land, in the fifty States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Virgin Island of the United States, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, and the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of Palau, and the Republic of the Marshall Islands.
(b) Effective date.
The provisions of this part apply to all actions taken after July 3, 1996, and to determinations made after or pending on July 3, 1996, except to the extent that § 12.5(a)(5) and 12.5 (b)(4) through (b)(8) specify retroactive application on December 23, 1985, and November 28, 1990, for certain actions and determinations regarding wetlands and converted wetlands. Actions taken and determinations made prior to July 3, 1996, are subject to regulations set forth in this part as of July 2, 1996, except as otherwise provided in this part. Further, to the extent that a person may be eligible for an exemption for an action taken before July 3, 1996, the action is subject to the provisions of this part.