98.394—Monitoring and QA/QC requirements.
(1)
The quantity of petroleum products, natural gas liquids, and biomass, as well as the quantity of crude oil measured on site at a refinery, shall be determined as follows:
(i)
Where an appropriate standard method published by a consensus-based standards organization exists, such a method shall be used. Consensus-based standards organizations include, but are not limited to, the following: ASTM International, the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), the American Gas Association (AGA), the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), the American Petroleum Institute (API), and the North American Energy Standards Board (NAESB).
(ii)
Where no appropriate standard method developed by a consensus-based standards organization exists, industry standard practices shall be followed.
(iii)
For products that are liquid at 60 degrees Fahrenheit and one standard atmosphere, all measurements of quantity shall be temperature-adjusted and pressure-adjusted to these conditions. For all other products, reporters shall use appropriate standard conditions specified in the standard method; if temperature and pressure conditions are not specified in the standard method or if a reporter uses an industry standard practice to determine quantity, the reporter shall use appropriate standard conditions according to established industry practices.
(2)
All measurement equipment (including, but not limited to, flow meters and tank gauges) used for compliance with this subpart shall be appropriate for the standard method or industry standard practice followed under paragraph (a)(1)(i) or (a)(1)(ii) of this section.
(3)
The quantity of crude oil not measured on site at a refinery shall be determined according to one of the following methods. You may use an appropriate standard method published by a consensus-based standards organization or you may use an industry standard practice.
(1)
All measurement equipment shall be calibrated prior to its first use for reporting under this subpart, using an appropriate standard method published by a consensus based standards organization or according to the equipment manufacturer's directions.
(2)
Measurement equipment shall be recalibrated at the minimum frequency specified by the standard method used or by the equipment manufacturer's directions.
(1)
Reporting parties shall collect one sample of each petroleum product or natural gas liquid on any day of each calendar month of the reporting year in which the quantity of that product was measured in accordance with the requirements of this subpart. For example, if a given product was measured as entering the refinery continuously throughout the reporting year, twelve samples of that product shall be collected over the reporting year, one on any day of each calendar month of that year. If a given product was only measured from April 15 through June 10 of the reporting year, a refiner would collect three samples during that year, one during each of the calendar months of April, May and June on a day when the product was measured as either entering or exiting the refinery. Each sample shall be collected using an appropriate standard method published by a consensus-based standards organization.
(2)
Mixing and handling of samples shall be performed using an appropriate standard method published by a consensus-based standards organization.
(i)
For all products that are not solid, reporters shall test for density using an appropriate standard method published by a consensus-based standards organization.
(ii)
The density value for a given petroleum product shall be generated by either making a physical composite of all of the samples collected for the reporting year and testing that single sample or by measuring the individual samples throughout the year and defining the representative density value for the sample set by numerical means, i.e., a mathematical composite. If a physical composite is chosen as the option to obtain the density value, the reporter shall submit each of the individual samples collected during the reporting year to the laboratory responsible for generating the composite sample.
(iii)
For physical composites, the reporter shall handle the individual samples and the laboratory shall mix them in accordance with an appropriate standard method published by a consensus-based standards organization.
(iv)
All measurements of density shall be temperature-adjusted and pressure-adjusted to the conditions assumed for determining the quantities of the product reported under this subpart.
(i)
Reporters shall test for carbon share using an appropriate standard method published by a consensus-based standards organization.
(ii)
If a standard method that involves gas chromatography is used to determine the percent mass of each component in a product, the molecular formula for each component shall be obtained from the information provided in the standard method and the atomic mass of each element in a given molecular component shall be obtained from the periodic table of the elements.
(iii)
The carbon share value for a given petroleum product shall be generated by either making a physical composite of all of the samples collected for the reporting year and testing that single sample or by measuring the individual samples throughout the year and defining the representative carbon share value for the sample set by numerical means, i.e., a mathematical composite. If a physical composite is chosen as the option to obtain the carbon share value, the reporter shall submit each of the individual samples collected during the reporting year to the laboratory responsible for generating the composite sample.
(iv)
For physical composites, the reporter shall handle the individual samples and the laboratory shall mix them in accordance with an appropriate standard method published by a consensus-based standards organization.
(1)
A representative sample or multiple representative samples of each batch of crude oil shall be taken according to one of the following methods. You may use an appropriate standard method published by a consensus-based standards organization or you may use an industry standard practice.
(2)
Samples shall be handled according to one of the following methods. You may use an appropriate standard method published by a consensus-based standards organization or you may use an industry standard practice.
(3)
API gravity shall be measured according to one of the following methods. You may use an appropriate standard method published by a consensus-based standards organization or you may use an industry standard practice. The weighted average API gravity for each batch shall be calculated by multiplying the volume associated with each representative sample by the API gravity, adding these values for all the samples, and then dividing that total value by the volume of the batch.
(4)
Sulfur content shall be measured according to one of the following methods. You may use an appropriate standard method published by a consensus-based standards organization or you may use an industry standard practice. The weighted average sulfur content for each batch shall be calculated by multiplying the volume associated with each representative sample by the sulfur content, adding these values for all the samples, and then dividing that total value by the volume of the batch.
(5)
All measurements shall be temperature-adjusted and pressure-adjusted to the conditions assumed for determining the quantities of crude oil reported under this subpart.