86.307-82—Fuel specifications.
(a) Gasoline.
(1)
Gasoline having the following specifications will be used by the Administrator in exhaust emission testing. Gasoline having the following specifications or substantially equivalent specifications approved by the Administrator shall be used by the manufacturer in exhaust testing, except that the lead and octane specifications do not apply.
| Item designation | ASTM | Leaded | Unleaded |
|---|---|---|---|
| Octane, research, minimum | D2699 | 100 | 96 |
| PB (organic), grams/U.S. gallon | 1 1.4 | 0.00-0.05 | |
| Distillation Range: | |||
| IBP, °F | D86 | 75-95 | 75-95 |
| 10 pct point, °F | D86 | 120-135 | 120-135 |
| 50 pct point, °F | D86 | 200-230 | 200-230 |
| 90 pct point, °F | D86 | 300-325 | 300-325 |
| EP, °F (maximum) | D86 | 415 | 415 |
| Sulfur, weight percent, maximum | D1266 | 0.10 | 0.10 |
| Phosphorus, grams/U.S. gallon, maximum | 0.01 | 0.005 | |
| RVP pounds per square inch | D323 | 8.0-9.2 | 8.0-9.2 |
| Hydrocarbon composition: | |||
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Code of Federal Regulations
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| Olefins, percent, maximum | D1319 | 10 | 10 |
| Aromatics, percent maximum | D1319 | 35 | 35 |
| Saturates | D1319 | (2) | (2) |
| 1 Minimum. 2 Remainder. | |||
(2)
Gasoline representative of commercial gasoline which will be generally available through retail outlets shall be used in service accumulation. For leaded fuel the minimum lead content shall be equal to the average lead content found in regular leaded gasoline in the fuel survey prescribed by the Administrator. Where the Administrator determines that engines represented by a test engine will be operated using gasoline of different lead content from that prescribed in this paragraph, he may consent in writing to use of a gasoline with a different lead content. The octane rating of the gasoline used shall be no higher than 4.0 research octane numbers above the minimum recommended by the manufacturer and have a minimum sensitivity of 7.5 octane numbers for unleaded fuel and 7.0 octane numbers for leaded fuel, where sensitivity is defined as research octane number minus motor octane number.
(b) Diesel Fuel.
(1)
The diesel fuels employed for testing shall be clean and bright, with pour and cloud points adequate for operability. The diesel fuel may contain nonmetallic additives as follows: Cetane improver, metal deactivator, antioxident, dehazer, antirust pour depressant, dye, and dispersant.
(2)
Diesel fuel meeting the following specifications, or substantially equivalent specifications approved by the Administrator, shall be used in exhaust emissions testing. The grade of diesel fuel recommended by the engine manufacturer commercially designated as “Type 1-D” or “Type 2-D”, shall be used.
| Item | ASTM test method No. | Type 1-D | Type 2-D |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cetane Number | D613, D86 | 48-54 | 42-50 |
| Distillation range: | |||
| IBP, °F | 330-390 | 340-400 | |
| 10 percent point, °F | 370-430 | 400-460 | |
| 50 percent point, °F | 410-480 | 470-540 | |
| 90 percent point, °F | 460-520 | 550-610 | |
| EP, °F | 500-560 | 580-660 | |
| Gravity, °AP1 | D287 | 40-44 | 33-37 |
| Total sulfur, percent | D129 or D2622 | 0.05-0.02 | 0.2-0.5 |
| Hydrocarbon composition | D1319 | ||
| Aromatics, percent (minimum | 1 8 | 1 27 | |
| Paraffins, naphthenes, olefins | (2) | (2) | |
| Flashpoint, °F (minimum) | D93 | 120 | 130 |
| Viscosity, centistokes | D445 | 1.6-2.0 | 2.0-3.2 |
| 1 Minimum. | |||
| 2 Remainder. | |||
(3)
Diesel fuel meeting the following specifications, or substantially equivalent specifications approved by the Administrator, shall be used in service accumulation. The grade of diesel fuel recommended by the engine manufacturer, commercially designated as “Type 1-D” or “Type 2-D”, shall be used.
| Item | ASTM test method No. | Type 1-D | Type 2-D |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cetane (minimum) | D613 | 42-56 | 38-58 |
| Distillation range 90 pct point, °F | D86 | 440-530 | 540-630 |
| Gravity, °AP1 | D287 | 39-45 | 30-42 |
| Total sulfur, percent | D129 or D2622 | 0.05 | 0.2 |
| Flashpoint, °F (minimum) | D96 | 120 | 130 |
| Viscosity, centistokes | D445 | 1.2-2.2 | 1.5-4.5 |
| 1 Minimum. | |||
(ii)
Information, acceptable to the Administrator, is provided to show that only the designated fuel would be used in customer service;
(iii)
Use of a fuel listed under paragraphs (b) (2) and (3) of this section would have a detrimental effect on emissions or durability; and
(iv)
Written approval from the Administrator of the fuel specifications was provided prior to the start of testing.
(5)
The specification range of the fuels to be used under paragraphs (b) (2), (3), and (4) of this section shall be reported in accordance with § 86.082-21(b)(3).
(c)
Fuels not meeting the specifications set forth in this section may be used only with the advance approval of the Administrator.