85.1701—General applicability.
(a)
The provisions of this subpart regarding exemption are applicable to new and in-use motor vehicles and motor vehicle engines.
(b)
The provisions of this subpart regarding exclusion are applicable after the effective date of these regulations.
(c)
References in this subpart to engine families and emission control systems shall be deemed to apply to durability groups and test groups as applicable for manufacturers certifying new light-duty vehicles, light-duty trucks, and Otto-cycle complete heavy-duty vehicles under the provisions of 40 CFR part 86, subpart S.