430.54—Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of best available technology economically achievable (BAT).
Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable (BAT).
(a)
(1)
The following effluent limitations apply to all dischargers in the calcium-, magnesium-, or sodium-based sulfite pulp segment:
| [Production of Calcium-, Magnesium-, or Sodium-based Sulfite Pulps] | |||||||
| Pollutant or pollutant property | BAT effluent limitations | Continuous dischargers | Maximum for any 1 day | Monthly average | Non-continuous dischargers | Maximum for any 1 day | Annual average |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| kg/kkg (or pounds per 1,000 lb) of product | |||||||
| AOX | <ML a | (b) | <ML a | (b) | |||
| COD | (c) | (c) | (c) | (c) | |||
| a “<ML” means less than the minimum level specified in § 430.01(i) for the particular pollutant. | |||||||
| b This regulation does not specify this type of limitation for this pollutant; however, permitting authorities may do so as appropriate. | |||||||
| c [Reserved] | |||||||
(2)
(i)
The following effluent limitations apply to all dischargers in the ammonium-based sulfite pulp segment:
| Pollutant or pollutant property | BAT effluent limitations | |
|---|---|---|
| Maximum for any 1 day | Monthly average | |
| TCDD a | <ML b | (c) |
| TCDF a | <ML b | (c) |
| Chloroform a | (d) | (c) |
| Trichlorosyringol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 3,4,5-trichlorocatechol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 3,4,6-trichlorocatechol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 3,4,5-trichloroguaiacol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 3,4,6-trichloroguaiacol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 4,5,6-trichloroguaiacol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 2,4,5-trichlorophenol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 2,4,6-trichlorophenol a | <ML b | (c) |
| Tetrachlorocatechol a | <ML b | (c) |
| Tetrachloroguaiacol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol a | <ML b | (c) |
| Pentachlorophenol a | <ML b | (c) |
| Continuous dischargers | Non-continuousdischargers | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maximum for any 1 day | Monthlyaverage | Maximum for any 1 day | Annualaverage | |
| kg/kkg (or pounds per 1,000 lb) of product | ||||
| AOX | (d) | (d) | (d) | (d) |
| COD | (d) | (d) | (d) | (d) |
| a These limitations do not apply with respect to fiber lines that use a TCF bleaching process as disclosed by the discharger in its permit application under 40 CFR 122.21(g)(3) and certified under 40 CFR 122.22 . | ||||
| b “<ML” means less than the minimum level specified in § 430.01(i) for the particular pollutant. | ||||
| c This regulation does not specify this type of limitation for this pollutant; however, permitting authorities may do so as appropriate. | ||||
| d [Reserved] | ||||
(ii)
The following effluent limitations apply to all dischargers in the ammonium-based sulfite pulp segment with respect to each fiber line that uses exclusively TCF bleaching processes, as disclosed by the discharger in its NPDES permit application under 40 CFR 122.21(g)(3) and certified under 40 CFR 122.22 :
| Pollutant or pollutant property | BAT effluent limitations (TCF) | Continuous dischargers | Maximum for any 1 day | Monthly average | Non-continuous dischargers | Maximum for any 1 day | Annual average |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| kg/kkg (or pounds per 1,000 lb) of product | |||||||
| AOX | <ML a | (b) | <ML a | (b) | |||
| COD | (c) | (c) | (c) | (c) | |||
| a “<ML” means less than the minimum level specified in § 430.01(i) for the particular pollutant. | |||||||
| b This regulation does not specify this type of limitation for this pollutant; however, permitting authorities may do so as appropriate. | |||||||
| c [Reserved] | |||||||
(3)
(i)
The following effluent limitations apply to all dischargers in the specialty grade pulp segment:
| Pollutant or pollutant property | BAT effluent limitations | |
|---|---|---|
| Maximum for any 1 day | Monthly Average | |
| TCDD a | <ML b | (c) |
| TCDF a | <ML b | (c) |
| Chloroform a | (d) | (c) |
| Trichlorosyringol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 3,4,5-trichlorocatechol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 3,4,6-trichlorocatechol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 3,4,5-trichloroguaiacol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 3,4,6-trichloroguaiacol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 4,5,6-trichloroguaiacol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 2,4,5-trichlorophenol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 2,4,6-trichlorophenol a | <ML b | (c) |
| Tetrachlorocatechol a | <ML b | (c) |
| Tetrachloroguaiacol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol a | <ML b | (c) |
| Pentachlorophenol a | <ML b | (c) |
| Continuous dischargers | Non-continuousdischargers | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maximum for any 1 day | Monthly average | Maximum for any 1 day | Annualaverage | |
| kg/kkg (or pounds per 1,000 lb) of product | ||||
| AOX | (d) | (d) | (d) | (d) |
| COD | (d) | (d) | (d) | (d) |
| a These limitations do not apply with respect to fiber lines that use a TCF bleaching process as disclosed by the discharger in its permit application under 40 CFR 122.21(g)(3) and certified under 40 CFR 122.22 . | ||||
| b “<ML” means less than the minimum level specified in § 430.01(i) for the particular pollutant. | ||||
| c This regulation does not specify this type of limitation for this pollutant; however, permitting authorities may do so as appropriate. | ||||
| d [Reserved] | ||||
(ii)
The following effluent limitations apply to dischargers in the specialty grade pulp segment with respect to each fiber line that uses exclusively TCF bleaching processes, as disclosed by the discharger in its NPDES permit application under 40 CFR 122.21(g)(3) and certified under 40 CFR 122.22 :
| Pollutant or pollutant property | BAT effluent limitations (TCF) | Continuous dischargers | Maximum for any 1 day | Monthly average | Non-continuous dischargers | Maximum for any 1 day | Annual average |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| kg/kkg (or pounds per 1,000 lb) of product | |||||||
| AOX | <ML a | (b) | <ML a | (b) | |||
| COD | (c) | (c) | (c) | (c) | |||
| a “<ML” means less than the minimum level specified in § 430.01(i) for the particular pollutant. | |||||||
| b This regulation does not specify this type of limitation for this pollutant; however, permitting authorities may do so as appropriate. | |||||||
| c [Reserved] | |||||||
(b)
The following additional effluent limitations apply to each discharger subject to this section in accordance with the previous subcatgorization scheme unless it certifies to the permitting authority that it is not using these compounds as biocides. Also, for non-continuous dischargers, concentration limitations (mg/l) shall apply. Concentration limitations will only apply to non-continuous dischargers:
| [Supplemental BAT effluent limitations] | ||
| Pollutant or pollutant property | Maximum for any 1 day | |
|---|---|---|
| kg/kkg (or pounds per 1,000 lb) of product | Milligrams/liter | |
| Pentachlorophenol | 0.00058exp(0.017x) | ((0.011)(12.67)exp(0.017x))/y |
| Trichlorophenol | 0.0036exp(0.017x) | ((0.068)(12.67)exp(0.017x))/y |
| x = percent sulfite pulp in final product. | ||
| y = wastewater discharged in kgal per ton of product. | ||
(c)
Pursuant to 40 CFR 122.44(i) and 122.45(h), a discharger must demonstrate compliance with the limitations in paragraphs (a)(2) or (a)(3) of this section, as applicable, by monitoring for all pollutants (except for AOX and COD) at the point where the wastewater containing those pollutants leaves the bleach plant. The permitting authority may impose effluent limitations and/or monitoring requirements on internal wastestreams for any other pollutants covered in this section as appropriate under 40 CFR 122.44(i) and 122.45(h).
Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable (BAT).
(a)
(1)
The following effluent limitations apply to all dischargers in the calcium-, magnesium-, or sodium-based sulfite pulp segment:
| [Production of Calcium-, Magnesium-, or Sodium-based Sulfite Pulps] | |||||||
| Pollutant or pollutant property | BAT effluent limitations | Continuous dischargers | Maximum for any 1 day | Monthly average | Non-continuous dischargers | Maximum for any 1 day | Annual average |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| kg/kkg (or pounds per 1,000 lb) of product | |||||||
| AOX | <ML a | (b) | <ML a | (b) | |||
| COD | (c) | (c) | (c) | (c) | |||
| a “<ML” means less than the minimum level specified in § 430.01(i) for the particular pollutant. | |||||||
| b This regulation does not specify this type of limitation for this pollutant; however, permitting authorities may do so as appropriate. | |||||||
| c [Reserved] | |||||||
(2)
(i)
The following effluent limitations apply to all dischargers in the ammonium-based sulfite pulp segment:
| Pollutant or pollutant property | BAT effluent limitations | |
|---|---|---|
| Maximum for any 1 day | Monthly average | |
| TCDD a | <ML b | (c) |
| TCDF a | <ML b | (c) |
| Chloroform a | (d) | (c) |
| Trichlorosyringol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 3,4,5-trichlorocatechol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 3,4,6-trichlorocatechol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 3,4,5-trichloroguaiacol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 3,4,6-trichloroguaiacol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 4,5,6-trichloroguaiacol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 2,4,5-trichlorophenol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 2,4,6-trichlorophenol a | <ML b | (c) |
| Tetrachlorocatechol a | <ML b | (c) |
| Tetrachloroguaiacol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol a | <ML b | (c) |
| Pentachlorophenol a | <ML b | (c) |
| Continuous dischargers | Non-continuousdischargers | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maximum for any 1 day | Monthlyaverage | Maximum for any 1 day | Annualaverage | |
| kg/kkg (or pounds per 1,000 lb) of product | ||||
| AOX | (d) | (d) | (d) | (d) |
| COD | (d) | (d) | (d) | (d) |
| a These limitations do not apply with respect to fiber lines that use a TCF bleaching process as disclosed by the discharger in its permit application under 40 CFR 122.21(g)(3) and certified under 40 CFR 122.22 . | ||||
| b “<ML” means less than the minimum level specified in § 430.01(i) for the particular pollutant. | ||||
| c This regulation does not specify this type of limitation for this pollutant; however, permitting authorities may do so as appropriate. | ||||
| d [Reserved] | ||||
(ii)
The following effluent limitations apply to all dischargers in the ammonium-based sulfite pulp segment with respect to each fiber line that uses exclusively TCF bleaching processes, as disclosed by the discharger in its NPDES permit application under 40 CFR 122.21(g)(3) and certified under 40 CFR 122.22 :
| Pollutant or pollutant property | BAT effluent limitations (TCF) | Continuous dischargers | Maximum for any 1 day | Monthly average | Non-continuous dischargers | Maximum for any 1 day | Annual average |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| kg/kkg (or pounds per 1,000 lb) of product | |||||||
| AOX | <ML a | (b) | <ML a | (b) | |||
| COD | (c) | (c) | (c) | (c) | |||
| a “<ML” means less than the minimum level specified in § 430.01(i) for the particular pollutant. | |||||||
| b This regulation does not specify this type of limitation for this pollutant; however, permitting authorities may do so as appropriate. | |||||||
| c [Reserved] | |||||||
(3)
(i)
The following effluent limitations apply to all dischargers in the specialty grade pulp segment:
| Pollutant or pollutant property | BAT effluent limitations | |
|---|---|---|
| Maximum for any 1 day | Monthly Average | |
| TCDD a | <ML b | (c) |
| TCDF a | <ML b | (c) |
| Chloroform a | (d) | (c) |
| Trichlorosyringol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 3,4,5-trichlorocatechol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 3,4,6-trichlorocatechol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 3,4,5-trichloroguaiacol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 3,4,6-trichloroguaiacol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 4,5,6-trichloroguaiacol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 2,4,5-trichlorophenol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 2,4,6-trichlorophenol a | <ML b | (c) |
| Tetrachlorocatechol a | <ML b | (c) |
| Tetrachloroguaiacol a | <ML b | (c) |
| 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol a | <ML b | (c) |
| Pentachlorophenol a | <ML b | (c) |
| Continuous dischargers | Non-continuousdischargers | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maximum for any 1 day | Monthly average | Maximum for any 1 day | Annualaverage | |
| kg/kkg (or pounds per 1,000 lb) of product | ||||
| AOX | (d) | (d) | (d) | (d) |
| COD | (d) | (d) | (d) | (d) |
| a These limitations do not apply with respect to fiber lines that use a TCF bleaching process as disclosed by the discharger in its permit application under 40 CFR 122.21(g)(3) and certified under 40 CFR 122.22 . | ||||
| b “<ML” means less than the minimum level specified in § 430.01(i) for the particular pollutant. | ||||
| c This regulation does not specify this type of limitation for this pollutant; however, permitting authorities may do so as appropriate. | ||||
| d [Reserved] | ||||
(ii)
The following effluent limitations apply to dischargers in the specialty grade pulp segment with respect to each fiber line that uses exclusively TCF bleaching processes, as disclosed by the discharger in its NPDES permit application under 40 CFR 122.21(g)(3) and certified under 40 CFR 122.22 :
| Pollutant or pollutant property | BAT effluent limitations (TCF) | Continuous dischargers | Maximum for any 1 day | Monthly average | Non-continuous dischargers | Maximum for any 1 day | Annual average |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| kg/kkg (or pounds per 1,000 lb) of product | |||||||
| AOX | <ML a | (b) | <ML a | (b) | |||
| COD | (c) | (c) | (c) | (c) | |||
| a “<ML” means less than the minimum level specified in § 430.01(i) for the particular pollutant. | |||||||
| b This regulation does not specify this type of limitation for this pollutant; however, permitting authorities may do so as appropriate. | |||||||
| c [Reserved] | |||||||
(b)
The following additional effluent limitations apply to each discharger subject to this section in accordance with the previous subcatgorization scheme unless it certifies to the permitting authority that it is not using these compounds as biocides. Also, for non-continuous dischargers, concentration limitations (mg/l) shall apply. Concentration limitations will only apply to non-continuous dischargers:
| [Supplemental BAT effluent limitations] | ||
| Pollutant or pollutant property | Maximum for any 1 day | |
|---|---|---|
| kg/kkg (or pounds per 1,000 lb) of product | Milligrams/liter | |
| Pentachlorophenol | 0.00058exp(0.017x) | ((0.011)(12.67)exp(0.017x))/y |
| Trichlorophenol | 0.0036exp(0.017x) | ((0.068)(12.67)exp(0.017x))/y |
| x = percent sulfite pulp in final product. | ||
| y = wastewater discharged in kgal per ton of product. | ||
(c)
Pursuant to 40 CFR 122.44(i) and 122.45(h), a discharger must demonstrate compliance with the limitations in paragraphs (a)(2) or (a)(3) of this section, as applicable, by monitoring for all pollutants (except for AOX and COD) at the point where the wastewater containing those pollutants leaves the bleach plant. The permitting authority may impose effluent limitations and/or monitoring requirements on internal wastestreams for any other pollutants covered in this section as appropriate under 40 CFR 122.44(i) and 122.45(h).