1.960-2—Interrelation of section 902 and section 960 when dividends are paid by third-, second-, or first-tier corporation.
(a) Scope of this section.
This section prescribes rules for the application of section 902 in a case where dividends are paid by a third-, second-, or first-tier corporation, as the case may be, from its earnings and profits for a taxable year when an amount attributable to such earnings and profits is included in the gross income of a domestic corporation under section 951, or when such earnings and profits are attributable to an amount excluded from the gross income of such foreign corporation under section 959(b) and § 1.959-2, with respect to the domestic corporation. In making determinations under this section, any portion of a distribution received from a first-tier corporation by the domestic corporation which is excluded from the domestic corporation's gross income under section 959(a) and § 1.959-1, or any portion of a distribution received from an immediately lower-tier corporation by the third-, second-, or first-tier corporation which is excluded from such foreign corporation's gross income under section 959(b) and § 1.959-2, shall be treated as a dividend for purposes of taking into account under section 902 any foreign income taxes paid by such third-, second-, or first-tier corporation which are not deemed paid by the domestic corporation under section 960(a)(1) and § 1.960-1.
(b) Application of
For purposes of paragraph (a) of this section and paragraph (c)(1)(i) of § 1.960-1, section 902(b) shall apply to all dividends received by the first- or second-tier corporation from the immediately lower-tier corporation other than dividends attributable to earnings and profits of such immediately lower-tier corporation in respect of which an amount is, or has been, included in the gross income of a domestic corporation under section 951 with respect to such immediately lower-tier corporation.
(c) Application of
For purposes of paragraph (a) of this section, section 902 (a) shall apply to all dividends received by the domestic corporation for its taxable year from the first-tier corporation other than dividends attributable to earnings and profits of such first-tier corporation in respect of which an amount is, or has been, included in the gross income of a domestic corporation under section 951 with respect to such first-tier corporation.
(d) Allocation of earnings and profits of a first- or second-tier corporation having income excluded under
(1) First-tier corporations.
If the first-tier corporation for its taxable year receives dividends from the second-tier corporation to which in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section 902(b)(1) or section 902(b)(2) applies and other dividends from the second-tier corporation to which such sections do not apply, then in applying section 902(a) pursuant to this section and in applying section 960(a)(1) pursuant to § 1.960-1(c)(1)(i), with respect to the foreign income taxes paid and deemed paid by the second-tier corporation which are deemed paid by the first-tier corporation for such taxable year under section 902(b)(1) —
(i)
The earnings and profits of the first-tier corporation for such taxable year shall be considered not to include its earnings and profits which are attributable to the dividends to which section 902(b)(1) does not apply (in determining the domestic corporation's credit for the taxes paid by the second-tier corporation) or which are attributable to the dividends to which sections 902(b)(1) and 902(b)(2) do not apply (in determining the domestic corporation's credit for taxes deemed paid by the second-tier corporation) and
(ii)
For the purposes of so applying section 902(a), distributions to the domestic corporation from such earnings and profits which are attributable to the dividends to which section 902(b)(1) does not apply (in determining the domestic corporation's credit for taxes paid by the second-tier corporation) or which are attributable to the dividends to which sections 902(b)(1) and 902(b)(2) do not apply (in determining the domestic corporation's credit for taxes deemed paid by the second-tier corporation) shall not be treated as a dividend.
(2) Second-tier corporations.
If the second-tier corporation for its taxable year receives dividends from the third-tier corporation to which, in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section, section 902(b)(2) applies and other dividends from the third-tier corporation to which such section does not apply, then in applying section 902(b)(1) pursuant to this section, and in applying section 960(a)(1) pursuant to paragraph (c)(1)(i) of § 1.960-1, with respect to the foreign taxes deemed paid by the second-tier corporation for such taxable year under section 902(b)(2) —
(i)
The earnings and profits of the second-tier corporation for such taxable year shall be considered not to include its earnings and profits which are attributable to such other dividends from the third-tier corporation, and
(ii)
For the purposes of so applying section 902(b)(1), distributions to the first-tier corporation from such earnings and profits which are attributable to such other dividends from the third-tier corporation shall not be treated as a dividend.
(e) Separate determinations under
If in the case of a first-, second-, or third-tier corporation to which paragraph (b) or (c) of this section is applied—
(i)
Dividends received from an immediately lower-tier corporation which are attributable to amounts included in the gross income of a domestic corporation under section 951 with respect to the immediately lower- or lower-tier corporations, and
(2)
The effective rate of foreign income taxes paid or accrued by such foreign corporation on the dividends described in paragraph (e)(1)(i) of this section is higher or lower than the effective rate of foreign income taxes attributable to its earnings and profits described in paragraph (e)(1)(ii) of this section,
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(f) Illustrations.
The application of this section may be illustrated by the following examples. In all of the examples other than examples 6, 7, 9 and 10, it is assumed that the effective rate of foreign income taxes paid or accrued by the first- or second-tier corporation, as the case may be, in respect to dividends received from the immediately lower-tier corporation, is the same as the effective rate of foreign income taxes paid or accrued by the first- or second-tier corporation with respect to its other income:
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B Corporation (second-tier corporation): | ||
Pretax earnings and profits | $100.00 | |
Foreign income taxes (40%) | 40.00 | |
Earnings and profits | 60.00 | |
Dividends paid to A Corporation | $45.00 | |
Foreign income taxes paid by B Corporation on or with respect to its accumulated profits | 40.00 | |
Foreign income taxes of B Corporation deemed paid by A Corporation for 1978 under section 902(b)(1) ($45/$60×$40) | 30.00 | |
A Corporation (first-tier corporation): | ||
Pretax earnings and profits: | ||
Dividends from B Corporation | $45.00 | |
Other income | 100.00 | |
Total pretax earnings and profits | 145.00 | |
Foreign income taxes (20%) | 29.00 | |
Earnings and profits | 116.00 | |
Foreign income taxes paid, and deemed to be paid, by A Corporation on or with respect to its earnings and profits ($29 $30) | 59.00 | |
Amount required to be included in N Corporation's gross income under section 951 with respect to A Corporation | 50.00 | |
Dividends paid to N Corporation | 0 | |
N Corporation (domestic corporation): | ||
Foreign income taxes of A Corporation deemed paid by N Corporation for 1978 under section 960(a)(1) ($50/$116×$59) | 25.43 |
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B Corporation (second-tier corporation): | ||
Pretax earnings and profits | $250.00 | |
Foreign income taxes (20%) | 50.00 | |
Earnings and profits | 200.00 | |
Amounts required to be included in N Corporation's gross income under section 951 with respect to B Corporation | 150.00 | |
Dividends paid to A Corporation | 150.00 | |
Foreign income taxes paid on or with respect to earnings and profits of B Corporation | 50.00 | |
A Corporation (first-tier corporation): | ||
Pretax earnings and profits: | ||
Dividends from B Corporation | $150.00 | |
Other income | 200.00 | |
Total pretax earnings and profits | 350.00 | |
Foreign income taxes (10%) | 35.00 | |
Earnings and profits | 315.00 | |
Dividends paid to N Corporation | 135.00 | |
Foreign income taxes paid by A Corporation on or with respect to its accumulated profits | 35.00 | |
N Corporation (domestic corporation): | ||
Foreign income taxes of B Corporation deemed paid by N Corporation for 1978 under section 960(a)(1) ($150/$200×$50) | 37.50 | |
Foreign income taxes of A Corporation deemed paid by N Corporation for 1978 under section 902(a) ($135/$315×$35) | 15.00 | |
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Total foreign income taxes deemed paid by N Corporation under section 901 | 52.50 |
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B Corporation (second-tier corporation): | |
Pretax earnings and profits | $100.00 |
Foreign income taxes (40%) | 40.00 |
Earnings and profits | 60.00 |
Dividends paid to A Corporation | 50.00 |
Foreign income taxes paid by B Corporation on or with respect to its accumulated profits | 40.00 |
Foreign income taxes of B Corporation deemed paid by A Corporation for 1978 under section 902(b)(1) ($50/$60×$40) | 33.33 |
A Corporation (first-tier corporation): | |
Pretax earnings and profits: | |
Dividends from B Corporation | $50.00 |
Other income | 200.00 |
Total pretax earnings and profits | 250.00 |
Foreign income taxes (10%) | 25.00 |
Earnings and profits | 225.00 |
Foreign income taxes paid, and deemed to be paid, by A Corporation on or with respect to its earnings and profits ($25.00 $33.33) | 58.33 |
Amounts required to be included in N Corporation's gross income for 1978 under section 951 with respect to A Corporation | 180.00 |
Dividends paid to N Corporation: | |
Dividends to which section 902(a) does not apply (from A Corporation's earnings and profits in respect of which an amount is required under section 951 to be included in N Corporation's gross income with respect to A Corporation) | 180.00 |
Dividends to which section 902(a) applies (from A Corporation's other earnings and profits) | 20.00 |
Total dividends paid to N Corporation | $200.00 |
N Corporation (domestic corporation): | |
Foreign income taxes of corporations A and B deemed paid by N Corporation under section 960(a)(1) ($180/$225×$58.33) | 46.66 |
Foreign income taxes of corporations A and B deemed paid by N Corporation under section 902(a) ($20/$225×$58.33) | 5.18 |
Total foreign income taxes deemed paid by N Corporation under section 901 | 51.84 |
Code of Federal Regulations
B Corporation (second-tier corporation): | ||
Pretax earnings and profits | $250.00 | |
Foreign income taxes (20%) | 50.00 | |
Earnings and profits | 200.00 | |
Amounts required to be included in N Corporation's gross income under section 951 for 1978 with respect to B Corporation | 150.00 | |
Dividends paid by B Corporation: | ||
Dividends to which section 902(b) does not apply (from B Corporation's earnings and profits in respect of which an amount is required under section 951 to be included in N Corporation's gross income with respect to B Corporation) | $150.00 | |
Dividends to which section 902(b)(1) applies (from B Corporation's other earnings and profits) | 25.00 | |
Total dividends paid to A Corporation | 175.00 | |
Foreign income taxes paid by B Corporation on or with respect to its accumulated profits | 50.50 | |
Foreign income taxes of B Corporation deemed paid by A Corporation for 1978 under section 902(b)(1) ($25/$200×$50) | 6.25 | |
A Corporation (first-tier corporation): | ||
Pretax earnings and profits | 175.00 | |
Foreign income tax (10 percent) | 17.50 | |
Earnings and profits | 157.50 | |
Earnings and profits after exclusion of amounts attributable to dividends to which section 902(b) does not apply ($157.50 less [$150− ($150×0.10)]) | 22.50 | |
Amount required to be included in N Corporation's gross income for 1978 under section 951 with respect to A Corporation | 22.50 | |
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Dividends paid to N Corporation | 0 | |
N Corporation (domestic corporation): | ||
Foreign income taxes deemed paid by N Corporation under section 960(a)(1)(C) with respect to A Corporation: | ||
Tax actually paid by A Corporation ($22.50/$157.50×$17.50) | 2.50 | |
Tax of B Corporation deemed paid by A Corporation under section 902(b)(1) ($22.50/$22.50×$6.25) | 6.25 | |
8.75 | ||
Foreign income taxes deemed paid by N Corporation under section 960(a)(1)(C) with respect to B Corporation ($150/$200×$50) | 37.50 | |
Total taxes deemed paid under section 960(a)(1)(C) | 46.20 |
Code of Federal Regulations
B Corporation (second-tier corporation): | ||
Pretax earnings and profits | $250.00 | |
Foreign income taxes (20%) | 50.00 | |
Earnings and profits | 200.00 | |
Amounts required to be included in N Corporation's gross income for 1978 under section 951 with respect to B Corporation | 150.00 | |
Dividends paid by B Corporation: | ||
Dividends to which section 902(b) does not apply (from B Corporation's earnings and profits in respect of which an amount is required under section 951 to be included in N Corporation's gross income with respect to B Corporation) | $150.00 | |
Dividends to which section 902(b) applies (from B Corporation's other earnings and profits) | $25.00 | |
Total dividends paid to A Corporation | $175.00 | |
Foreign income taxes paid by B Corporation on or with respect to its accumulated profits | 50.00 | |
Foreign income taxes of B Corporation deemed paid by A Corporation for 1978 under section 902(b)(1) ($25/$200×$50) | 6.25 | |
A Corporation (first-tier corporation): | ||
Pretax earnings and profits: | ||
Dividends received from B Corporation | 175.00 | |
Other income | 100.00 | |
Total pretax earnings and profits | 275.00 | |
Foreign income taxes (10 percent) | 27.50 | |
Earnings and profits | 247.50 | |
Earnings and profits after exclusion of amounts attributable to dividends to which section 902(b) does not apply ($247.50 less [$150 −($150×0.10)]) | 112.50 | |
Amount required to be included in N Corporation's gross income for 1978 under section 951 with respect to A Corporation | 22.50 | |
Distributions paid by A Corporation: | ||
Dividends to which section 902(a) does not apply (From A Corporation's earnings and profits in respect of which an amount is required under section 951 to be included in N Corporation's gross income with respect to A Corporation) | 22.50 | |
Dividends to which section 902(a) applies (from A Corporation's other earnings and profits) | 202.50 | |
Total dividends paid to N Corporation | 225.00 | |
N Corporation (domestic corporation): | ||
Foreign income taxes deemed paid by N Corporation under section 960(a)(1) with respect to— | ||
B Corporation ($150/$200×$50) | 37.50 | |
A Corporation: | ||
Tax paid by A Corporation ($22.50/ $247.50×$27.50) | 2.50 | |
Tax of B Corporation deemed paid by A Corporation under section 902(b)(1) ($22.50/$112.50×$6.25) | 1.25 | 3.75 |
Total taxes deemed paid under section 960(a)(1) | 41.25 | |
Foreign income taxes deemed paid by N Corporation under section 902(a)(1) with respect to A Corporation: | ||
Tax paid by A Corporation ($200.50/$247.50×$27.50) | 22.50 | |
Tax of B Corporation deemed paid by A Corporation ($67.50/ $112.50×$6.25) | 3.75 | |
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Total taxes deemed paid under section 902(a)(1) | 26.52 | |
Total foreign income taxes deemed paid by N Corporation under section 901 | 67.05 |
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B Corporation (2d-tier corporation): | ||
Pretax earnings and profits | $200.00 | |
Foreign income taxes (20%) | 40.00 | |
Earnings and profits | 160.00 | |
Amount required to be included in N Corporation's gross income for 1978 under section 951 with respect to B Corporation | 100.00 | |
Dividends paid by B Corporation: | ||
Dividends to which section 902(b) does not apply (from B corporation's earnings and profits in respect of which an amount is required under section 951 to be included in N corporation's gross income with respect to B corporation) | $100.00 | |
Dividends to which section 902(b)(1) applies (from B corporation's other earnings and profits) | 50.00 | |
Total dividends paid to A corporation | 150.00 | |
Foreign income taxes of B corporation deemed paid by A corporation for 1978 under section 902(b)(1) ($50/$100× $40) | 12.50 | |
A corporation (1st-tier corporation): | ||
Pretax earnings and profits: | ||
Dividends received from B corporation | 150.00 | |
Other income | 100.00 | |
Total pretax earnings and profits | 250.00 | |
Foreign income taxes: | ||
On dividends received from B corporation | None | |
On other income ($100×0.10) | 10.00 | |
Total foreign income taxes | 10.00 | |
Earnings and profits: | ||
Attributable to dividends received from B corporation to which section 902(b) does not apply | 100.00 | |
Attributable to other income: | ||
Attributable to dividends received from B Corporation to which section 902(b)(1) applies | 50.00 | |
Attributable to other income ($100−$10) | 90.00 | |
Subtotal | 140.00 | |
Total earnings and profits | 240.00 | |
Earnings and profits after exclusion of amounts attributable to dividends to which section 902(b) does not apply ($240−$100) | 140.00 | |
Amount required to be included in N corporation's gross income for 1978 under section 951 with respect to A corporation | None | |
Dividends paid by A corporation: | ||
Dividends to which section 902(a) does not apply (from A corporation's earnings and profits in respect of which an amount is required under section 951 to be included in N corporation's gross income with respect to A corporation) | None | |
Dividends to which section 902(a) applies (from A corporation's other earnings and profits) | $175.00 | |
Total dividends paid to N corporation | $175.00 | |
N corporation (domestic corporation): | ||
Foreign income taxes deemed paid by N corporation under section 960(a)(1) with respect to B corporation ($100/$160×$40) | 25.00 | |
Foreign income taxes deemed paid by N corporation under section 902(a) with respect to A corporation (allocation of earnings and profits being made under pars. (c)(2) and (d) of this section): | ||
Tax paid by A corporation in respect to dividends received from B Corporation to which section 902(b) does not apply ($100/ $100×$0) | None | |
Tax paid by A corporation in respect to its other income ($75/ $140×$10) | 5.36 | |
Tax paid by B corporation deemed paid by A corporation in respect to such other income ($75/$140×$12.50) | 6.70 | |
Total taxes deemed paid under section 902(a) | 12.06 | |
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Total foreign income taxes deemed paid by N corporation under section 901 | 37.06 |
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B Corporation (2d-tier corporation): | |
Pretax earnings and profits | $250.00 |
Foreign income taxes (20 percent) | 150.00 |
Earnings and profits | 200.00 |
Amount required to be included in N Corporation's gross income for 1978 under section 951 with respect to B corporation | 150.00 |
Dividends paid by B corporation: | |
Dividends to which section 902(b) does not apply (from B corporation's earnings and profits in respect of which an amount is required under section 951 to be included in N corporation's gross income with respect to B corporation) | $150.00 |
Dividends to which section 902(b)(1) applies (from B corporation's other earnings and profits) | 50.00 |
Total dividends paid to A corporation | 200.00 |
Foreign income taxes of B corporation deemed paid by A corporation for 1978 under section 902(b)(1) ($50/$200×$50) | 12.50 |
A corporation (1st-tier corporation): | |
Pretax earnings and profits: | |
Dividends received from B corporation | 200.00 |
Other income | 100.00 |
Total pretax earnings and profits | 300.00 |
Foreign income taxes: | |
On dividends received from B corporation to which section 902(b) does not apply ($150× 0.05) | 7.50 |
On other income: | |
Dividends received from B corporation to which section 902(b)(1) applies ($50× 0.05) | <