1.430(h)(3)-1—Mortality tables used to determine present value.
(a) Basis for mortality tables—
(1) In general.
This section sets forth rules for the mortality tables to be used in determining present value or making any computation under section 430. Generally applicable mortality tables for participants and beneficiaries are set forth in this section pursuant to section 430(h)(3)(A). In lieu of using the mortality tables provided under this section with respect to participants and beneficiaries, plan-specific substitute mortality tables are permitted to be used for this purpose pursuant to section 430(h)(3)(C) provided that the requirements of § 1.430(h)(3)-2 are satisfied. Mortality tables that may be used with respect to disabled individuals are to be provided in guidance published in the Internal Revenue Bulletin. See § 601.601(d)(2)(ii) (b) of this chapter.
(2) Static tables or generational tables permitted.
The generally applicable mortality tables provided under section 430(h)(3)(A) are the static tables described in paragraph (a)(3) of this section and the generational mortality tables described in paragraph (a)(4) of this section. A plan is permitted to use either of those sets of mortality tables with respect to participants and beneficiaries pursuant to this section.
(3) Static tables.
The static mortality tables that are permitted to be used pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of this section are updated annually to reflect expected improvements in mortality experience as described in paragraph (c)(2) of this section. Static mortality tables that are to be used with respect to valuation dates occurring during 2008 are provided in paragraph (e) of this section. The mortality tables to be used with respect to valuation dates occurring in later years are to be provided in guidance published in the Internal Revenue Bulletin. See § 601.601(d)(2)(ii) (b) of this chapter.
(4) Generational mortality tables—
(i) In general.
The generational mortality tables that are permitted to be used pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of this section are determined pursuant to this paragraph (a)(4) using the base mortality tables and projection factors set forth in paragraph (d) of this section. Under the generational mortality tables, the probability of an individual's death at a particular age is determined as the individual's base mortality rate (that is, the applicable mortality rate from the table set forth in paragraph (d) of this section for the age for which the probability of death is being determined) multiplied by the mortality improvement factor. The mortality improvement factor is equal to (1−projection factor for that age) n, where n is equal to the projection period. For this purpose, the projection period is the number of years between 2000 and the year for which the probability of death is being determined.
(ii) Examples of calculation.
As an example of the use of generational mortality tables under paragraph (a)(4)(i) of this section, for purposes of determining the probability of death at age 54 for a male annuitant born in 1974, the base mortality rate is .005797, the projection factor is .020, and the projection period (the period from the year 2000 until the year the participant will attain age 54) is 28 years, so that the mortality improvement factor is .567976, and the probability of death at age 54 is .003293. Similarly, under these generational mortality tables, the probability of death at age 55 for the same male annuitant would be determined by using the base mortality rate and projection factor at age 55, and a projection period of 29 years (the period from the year 2000 until the year the participant will attain age 55). Thus, the base mortality rate is .005905, the projection factor is .019, so that the mortality improvement factor is .573325 ((1−.019) 29 ), and the probability of death at age 55 is .003385 (.573325 times .005905). Because these generational mortality tables reflect expected improvements in mortality experience, no periodic updates are needed.
(b) Use of the tables—
(1) Separate tables for annuitants and nonannuitants—
Separate tables are provided for use for annuitants and nonannuitants. The nonannuitant mortality table is applied to determine the probability of survival for a nonannuitant for the period before the nonannuitant is projected to commence receiving benefits. The annuitant mortality table is applied to determine the present value of benefits for each annuitant, and for each nonannuitant for the period beginning when the nonannuitant is projected to commence receiving benefits. For purposes of this section, an annuitant means a plan participant who has commenced receiving benefits and a nonannuitant means a plan participant who has not yet commenced receiving benefits (for example, an active employee or a terminated vested participant). A participant whose benefit has partially commenced is treated as an annuitant with respect to the portion of the benefit which has commenced and a nonannuitant with respect to the balance of the benefit. In addition, for any period in which an annuitant is projected to be receiving benefits, any beneficiary with respect to that annuitant is also treated as an annuitant for purposes of this paragraph (b)(1).
(ii) Examples of calculation.
As an example of the use of separate annuitant and nonannuitant tables under paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section, with respect to a 45-year-old active participant who is projected to commence receiving an annuity at age 55, the funding target would be determined using the nonannuitant mortality table for the period before the participant attains age 55 (so that, if the static mortality tables are used pursuant to paragraph (a)(3) of this section, the probability of an active male participant living from age 45 to age 55 using the table that applies for a plan year beginning in 2008 is 98.61%) and the annuitant mortality table for the period ages 55 and above. Similarly, if a 45-year-old terminated vested participant is projected to commence an annuity at age 65, the funding target would be determined using the nonannuitant mortality table for the period before the participant attains age 65 and the annuitant mortality table for ages 65 and above.
(2) Small plan tables.
If static mortality tables are used pursuant to paragraph (a)(3) of this section, as an alternative to the separate static tables specified for annuitants and nonannuitants pursuant to paragraph (b)(1) of this section, a combined static table that applies the same mortality rates to both annuitants and nonannuitants is permitted to be used for a small plan. For this purpose, a small plan is defined as a plan with 500 or fewer participants (including both active and inactive participants) on the valuation date.
(c) Construction of static tables—
(1) Source of basic rates.
The static mortality tables that are used pursuant to paragraph (a)(3) of this section are based on the base mortality tables set forth in paragraph (d) of this section.
(2) Projected mortality improvements.
The mortality rates under the base mortality tables are projected to improve using the projection factors provided in Projection Scale AA, as set forth in paragraph (d) of this section. Using these projection factors, the mortality rate for an individual at each age is determined as the individual's base mortality rate (that is, the applicable base mortality rate from the table set forth in paragraph (d) of this section for the individual at that age) multiplied by the mortality improvement factor. The mortality improvement factor is equal to (1−projection factor for that age) n, where n is equal to the projection period. The annuitant mortality rates for a plan year are determined using a projection period that runs from the calendar year 2000 until 7 years after the calendar year that contains the valuation date for the plan year. The nonannuitant mortality rates for a plan year are determined using a projection period that runs from the calendar year 2000 until 15 years after the calendar year that contains the valuation date for the plan year. Thus, for example, for a plan year with a January 1, 2012, valuation date, the annuitant mortality rates are determined using a projection period that runs from 2000 until 2019 (19 years) and the nonannuitant mortality rates are determined using a projection period that runs from 2000 until 2027 (27 years).
(3) Construction of combined tables for small plans.
The combined mortality tables that are permitted to be used for small plans pursuant to paragraph (b)(2) of this section are constructed from the separate nonannuitant and annuitant tables using the weighting factors for small plans that are set forth in paragraph (d) of this section. The weighting factors are applied to develop these mortality tables using the following equation: Combined mortality rate = [nonannuitant rate * (1−weighting factor)] [annuitant rate * weighting factor].
(d) Base mortality tables and projection factors.
The following base mortality tables and projection factors are used to determine generational mortality tables for purposes of determining present value or making any computation under section 430 as set forth in paragraph (a)(4) of this section. In addition, the following base mortality tables and projection factors are used to determine the static mortality tables that are used for purposes of determining present value or making any computation under section 430 as set forth in paragraphs (a)(3) and (c) of this section. See § 1.430(h)(3)-2(c)(3) for rules regarding the required use of the projection factors set forth in this paragraph (d) in connection with a plan-specific substitute mortality table.
| Age | Male | Male | Male | Male | Female | Female | Female | Female |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Base non-annuitant mortality rates(year 2000) | Baseannuitantmortality rates (year 2000) | Scale AA projection factors | Weighting factors for small plans | Base non-annuitant mortality rates(year 2000) | Baseannuitantmortality rates (year 2000) | Scale AA projection factors | Weighting factors for small plans | |
| 1 | 0.000637 | 0.000637 | 0.020 | 0.000571 | 0.000571 | 0.020 | ||
| 2 | 0.000430 | 0.000430 | 0.020 | 0.000372 | 0.000372 | 0.020 | ||
| 3 | 0.000357 | 0.000357 | 0.020 | 0.000278 | 0.000278 | 0.020 | ||
| 4 | 0.000278 | 0.000278 | 0.020 | 0.000208 | 0.000208 | 0.020 | ||
| 5 | 0.000255 | 0.000255 | 0.020 | 0.000188 | 0.000188 | 0.020 | ||
| 6 | 0.000244 | 0.000244 | 0.020 | 0.000176 | 0.000176 | 0.020 | ||
| 7 | 0.000234 | 0.000234 | 0.020 | 0.000165 | 0.000165 | 0.020 | ||
| 8 | 0.000216 | 0.000216 | 0.020 | 0.000147 | 0.000147 | 0.020 | ||
| 9 | 0.000209 | 0.000209 | 0.020 | 0.000140 | 0.000140 | 0.020 | ||
| 10 | 0.000212 | 0.000212 | 0.020 | 0.000141 | 0.000141 | 0.020 | ||
| 11 | 0.000219 | 0.000219 | 0.020 | 0.000143 | 0.000143 | 0.020 | ||
| 12 | 0.000228 | 0.000228 | 0.020 | 0.000148 | 0.000148 | 0.020 | ||
| 13 | 0.000240 | 0.000240 | 0.020 | 0.000155 | 0.000155 | 0.020 | ||
| 14 | 0.000254 | 0.000254 | 0.019 | 0.000162 | 0.000162 | 0.018 | ||
| 15 | 0.000269 | 0.000269 | 0.019 | 0.000170 | 0.000170 | 0.016 | ||
| 16 | 0.000284 | 0.000284 | 0.019 | 0.000177 | 0.000177 | 0.015 | ||
| 17 | 0.000301 | 0.000301 | 0.019 | 0.000184 | 0.000184 | 0.014 | ||
| 18 | 0.000316 | 0.000316 | 0.019 | 0.000188 | 0.000188 | 0.014 | ||
| 19 | 0.000331 | 0.000331 | 0.019 | 0.000190 | 0.000190 | 0.015 | ||
| 20 | 0.000345 | 0.000345 | 0.019 | 0.000191 | 0.000191 | 0.016 | ||
| 21 | 0.000357 | 0.000357 | 0.018 | 0.000192 | 0.000192 | 0.017 | ||
| 22 | 0.000366 | 0.000366 | 0.017 | 0.000194 | 0.000194 | 0.017 | ||
| 23 | 0.000373 | 0.000373 | 0.015 | 0.000197 | 0.000197 | 0.016 | ||
| 24 | 0.000376 | 0.000376 | 0.013 | 0.000201 | 0.000201 | 0.015 | ||
| 25 | 0.000376 | 0.000376 | 0.010 | 0.000207 | 0.000207 | 0.014 | ||
| 26 | 0.000378 | 0.000378 | 0.006 | 0.000214 | 0.000214 | 0.012 | ||
| 27 | 0.000382 | 0.000382 | 0.005 | 0.000223 | 0.000223 | 0.012 | ||
| 28 | 0.000393 | 0.000393 | 0.005 | 0.000235 | 0.000235 | 0.012 | ||
| 29 | 0.000412 | 0.000412 | 0.005 | 0.000248 | 0.000248 | 0.012 | ||
| 30 | 0.000444 | 0.000444 | 0.005 | 0.000264 | 0.000264 | 0.010 | ||
| 31 | 0.000499 | 0.000499 | 0.005 | 0.000307 | 0.000307 | 0.008 | ||
| 32 | 0.000562 | 0.000562 | 0.005 | 0.000350 | 0.000350 | 0.008 | ||
| 33 | 0.000631 | 0.000631 | 0.005 | 0.000394 | 0.000394 | 0.009 | ||
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| 34 | 0.000702 | 0.000702 | 0.005 | 0.000435 | 0.000435 | 0.010 | ||
| 35 | 0.000773 | 0.000773 | 0.005 | 0.000475 | 0.000475 | 0.011 | ||
| 36 | 0.000841 | 0.000841 | 0.005 | 0.000514 | 0.000514 | 0.012 | ||
| 37 | 0.000904 | 0.000904 | 0.005 | 0.000554 | 0.000554 | 0.013 | ||
| 38 | 0.000964 | 0.000964 | 0.006 | 0.000598 | 0.000598 | 0.014 | ||
| 39 | 0.001021 | 0.001021 | 0.007 | 0.000648 | 0.000648 | 0.015 | ||
| 40 | 0.001079 | 0.001079 | 0.008 | 0.000706 | 0.000706 | 0.015 | ||
| 41 | 0.001142 | 0.001157 | 0.009 | 0.0045 | 0.000774 | 0.000774 | 0.015 | |
| 42 | 0.001215 | 0.001312 | 0.010 | 0.0091 | 0.000852 | 0.000852 | 0.015 | |
| 43 | 0.001299 | 0.001545 | 0.011 | 0.0136 | 0.000937 | 0.000937 | 0.015 | |
| 44 | 0.001397 | 0.001855 | 0.012 | 0.0181 | 0.001029 | 0.001029 | 0.015 | |
| 45 | 0.001508 | 0.002243 | 0.013 | 0.0226 | 0.001124 | 0.001124 | 0.016 | 0.0084 |
| 46 | 0.001616 | 0.002709 | 0.014 | 0.0272 | 0.001223 | 0.001223 | 0.017 | 0.0167 |
| 47 | 0.001734 | 0.003252 | 0.015 | 0.0317 | 0.001326 | 0.001335 | 0.018 | 0.0251 |
| 48 | 0.001860 | 0.003873 | 0.016 | 0.0362 | 0.001434 | 0.001559 | 0.018 | 0.0335 |
| 49 | 0.001995 | 0.004571 | 0.017 | 0.0407 | 0.001550 | 0.001896 | 0.018 | 0.0419 |
| 50 | 0.002138 | 0.005347 | 0.018 | 0.0453 | 0.001676 | 0.002344 | 0.017 | 0.0502 |
| 51 | 0.002288 | 0.005528 | 0.019 | 0.0498 | 0.001814 | 0.002459 | 0.016 | 0.0586 |
| 52 | 0.002448 | 0.005644 | 0.020 | 0.0686 | 0.001967 | 0.002647 | 0.014 | 0.0744 |
| 53 | 0.002621 | 0.005722 | 0.020 | 0.0953 | 0.002135 | 0.002895 | 0.012 | 0.0947 |
| 54 | 0.002812 | 0.005797 | 0.020 | 0.1288 | 0.002321 | 0.003190 | 0.010 | 0.1189 |
| 55 | 0.003029 | 0.005905 | 0.019 | 0.2066 | 0.002526 | 0.003531 | 0.008 | 0.1897 |
| 56 | 0.003306 | 0.006124 | 0.018 | 0.3173 | 0.002756 | 0.003925 | 0.006 | 0.2857 |
| 57 | 0.003628 | 0.006444 | 0.017 | 0.3780 | 0.003010 | 0.004385 | 0.005 | 0.3403 |
| 58 | 0.003997 | 0.006895 | 0.016 | 0.4401 | 0.003291 | 0.004921 | 0.005 | 0.3878 |
| 59 | 0.004414 | 0.007485 | 0.016 | 0.4986 | 0.003599 | 0.005531 | 0.005 | 0.4360 |
| 60 | 0.004878 | 0.008196 | 0.016 | 0.5633 | 0.003931 | 0.006200 | 0.005 | 0.4954 |
| 61 | 0.005382 | 0.009001 | 0.015 | 0.6338 | 0.004285 | 0.006919 | 0.005 | 0.5805 |
| 62 | 0.005918 | 0.009915 | 0.015 | 0.7103 | 0.004656 | 0.007689 | 0.005 | 0.6598 |
| 63 | 0.006472 | 0.010951 | 0.014 | 0.7902 | 0.005039 | 0.008509 | 0.005 | 0.7520 |
| 64 | 0.007028 | 0.012117 | 0.014 | 0.8355 | 0.005429 | 0.009395 | 0.005 | 0.8043 |
| 65 | 0.007573 | 0.013419 | 0.014 | 0.8832 | 0.005821 | 0.010364 | 0.005 | 0.8552 |
| 66 | 0.008099 | 0.014868 | 0.013 | 0.9321 | 0.006207 | 0.011413 | 0.005 | 0.9118 |
| 67 | 0.008598 | 0.016460 | 0.013 | 0.9510 | 0.006583 | 0.012540 | 0.005 | 0.9367 |
| 68 | 0.009069 | 0.018200 | 0.014 | 0.9639 | 0.006945 | 0.013771 | 0.005 | 0.9523 |
| 69 | 0.009510 | 0.020105 | 0.014 | 0.9714 | 0.007289 | 0.015153 | 0.005 | 0.9627 |
| 70 | 0.009922 | 0.022206 | 0.015 | 0.9740 | 0.007613 | 0.016742 | 0.005 | 0.9661 |
| 71 | 0.010912 | 0.024570 | 0.015 | 0.9766 | 0.008309 | 0.018579 | 0.006 | 0.9695 |
| 72 | 0.012892 | 0.027281 | 0.015 | 0.9792 | 0.009700 | 0.020665 | 0.006 | 0.9729 |
| 73 | 0.015862 | 0.030387 | 0.015 | 0.9818 | 0.011787 | 0.022970 | 0.007 | 0.9763 |
| 74 | 0.019821 | 0.033900 | 0.015 | 0.9844 | 0.014570 | 0.025458 | 0.007 | 0.9797 |
| 75 | 0.024771 | 0.037834 | 0.014 | 0.9870 | 0.018049 | 0.028106 | 0.008 | 0.9830 |
| 76 | 0.030710 | 0.042169 | 0.014 | 0.9896 | 0.022224 | 0.030966 | 0.008 | 0.9864 |
| 77 | 0.037640 | 0.046906 | 0.013 | 0.9922 | 0.027094 | 0.034105 | 0.007 | 0.9898 |
| 78 | 0.045559 | 0.052123 | 0.012 | 0.9948 | 0.032660 | 0.037595 | 0.007 | 0.9932 |
| 79 | 0.054469 | 0.057927 | 0.011 | 0.9974 | 0.038922 | 0.041506 | 0.007 | 0.9966 |
| 80 | 0.064368 | 0.064368 | 0.010 | 1.0000 | 0.045879 | 0.045879 | 0.007 | 1.0000 |
| 81 | 0.072041 | 0.072041 | 0.009 | 1.0000 | 0.050780 | 0.050780 | 0.007 | 1.0000 |
| 82 | 0.080486 | 0.080486 | 0.008 | 1.0000 | 0.056294 | 0.056294 | 0.007 | 1.0000 |
| 83 | 0.089718 | 0.089718 | 0.008 | 1.0000 | 0.062506 | 0.062506 | 0.007 | 1.0000 |
| 84 | 0.099779 | 0.099779 | 0.007 | 1.0000 | 0.069517 | 0.069517 | 0.007 | 1.0000 |
| 85 | 0.110757 | 0.110757 | 0.007 | 1.0000 | 0.077446 | 0.077446 | 0.006 | 1.0000 |
| 86 | 0.122797 | 0.122797 | 0.007 | 1.0000 | 0.086376 | 0.086376 | 0.005 | 1.0000 |
| 87 | 0.136043 | 0.136043 | 0.006 | 1.0000 | 0.096337 | 0.096337 | 0.004 | 1.0000 |
| 88 | 0.150590 | 0.150590 | 0.005 | 1.0000 | 0.107303 | 0.107303 | 0.004 | 1.0000 |
| 89 | 0.166420 | 0.166420 | 0.005 | 1.0000 | 0.119154 | 0.119154 | 0.003 | 1.0000 |
| 90 | 0.183408 | 0.183408 | 0.004 | 1.0000 | 0.131682 | 0.131682 | 0.003 | 1.0000 |
| 91 | 0.199769 | 0.199769 | 0.004 | 1.0000 | 0.144604 | 0.144604 | 0.003 | 1.0000 |
| 92 | 0.216605 | 0.216605 | 0.003 | 1.0000 | 0.157618 | 0.157618 | 0.003 | 1.0000 |
| 93 | 0.233662 | 0.233662 | 0.003 | 1.0000 | 0.170433 | 0.170433 | 0.002 | 1.0000 |
| 94 | 0.250693 | 0.250693 | 0.003 | 1.0000 | 0.182799 | 0.182799 | 0.002 | 1.0000 |
| 95 | 0.267491 | 0.267491 | 0.002 | 1.0000 | 0.194509 | 0.194509 | 0.002 | 1.0000 |
| 96 | 0.283905 | 0.283905 | 0.002 | 1.0000 | 0.205379 | 0.205379 | 0.002 | 1.0000 |
| 97 | 0.299852 | 0.299852 | 0.002 | 1.0000 | 0.215240 | 0.215240 | 0.001 | 1.0000 |
| 98 | 0.315296 | 0.315296 | 0.001 | 1.0000 | 0.223947 | 0.223947 | 0.001 | 1.0000 |
| 99 | 0.330207 | 0.330207 | 0.001 | 1.0000 | 0.231387 | 0.231387 | 0.001 | 1.0000 |
| 100 | 0.344556 | 0.344556 | 0.001 | 1.0000 | 0.237467 | 0.237467 | 0.001 | 1.0000 |
| 101 | 0.358628 | 0.358628 | 0.000 | 1.0000 | 0.244834 | 0.244834 | 0.000 | 1.0000 |
| 102 | 0.371685 | 0.371685 | 0.000 | 1.0000 | 0.254498 | 0.254498 | 0.000 | 1.0000 |
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Code of Federal Regulations
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| 103 | 0.383040 | 0.383040 | 0.000 | 1.0000 | 0.266044 | 0.266044 | 0.000 | 1.0000 |
| 104 | 0.392003 | 0.392003 | 0.000 | 1.0000 | 0.279055 | 0.279055 | 0.000 | 1.0000 |
| 105 | 0.397886 | 0.397886 | 0.000 | 1.0000 | 0.293116 | 0.293116 | 0.000 | 1.0000 |
| 106 | 0.400000 | 0.400000 | 0.000 | 1.0000 | 0.307811 | 0.307811 | 0.000 | 1.0000 |
| 107 | 0.400000 | 0.400000 | 0.000 | 1.0000 | 0.322725 | 0.322725 | 0.000 | 1.0000 |
| 108 | 0.400000 | 0.400000 | 0.000 | 1.0000 | 0.337441 | 0.337441 | 0.000 | 1.0000 |
| 109 | 0.400000 | 0.400000 | 0.000 | 1.0000 | 0.351544 | 0.351544 | 0.000 | 1.0000 |
| 110 | 0.400000 | 0.400000 | 0.000 | 1.0000 | 0.364617 | 0.364617 | 0.000 | 1.0000 |
| 111 | 0.400000 | 0.400000 | 0.000 | 1.0000 | 0.376246 | 0.376246 | 0.000 | 1.0000 |
| 112 | 0.400000 | 0.400000 | 0.000 | 1.0000 | 0.386015 | 0.386015 | 0.000 | 1.0000 |
| 113 | 0.400000 | 0.400000 | 0.000 | 1.0000 | 0.393507 | 0.393507 | 0.000 | 1.0000 |
| 114 | 0.400000 | 0.400000 | 0.000 | 1.0000 | 0.398308 | 0.398308 | 0.000 | 1.0000 |
| 115 | 0.400000 | 0.400000 | 0.000 | 1.0000 | 0.400000 | 0.400000 | 0.000 | 1.0000 |
| 116 | 0.400000 | 0.400000 | 0.000 | 1.0000 | 0.400000 | 0.400000 | 0.000 | 1.0000 |
| 117 | 0.400000 | 0.400000 | 0.000 | 1.0000 | 0.400000 | 0.400000 | 0.000 | 1.0000 |
| 118 | 0.400000 | 0.400000 | 0.000 | 1.0000 | 0.400000 | 0.400000 | 0.000 | 1.0000 |
| 119 | 0.400000 | 0.400000 | 0.000 | 1.0000 | 0.400000 | 0.400000 | 0.000 | 1.0000 |
| 120 | 1.000000 | 1.000000 | 0.000 | 1.0000 | 1.000000 | 1.000000 | 0.000 | 1.0000 |
(e) Static mortality tables with respect to valuation dates occurring during 2008.
The following static mortality tables are used pursuant to paragraph (a)(3) of this section for determining present value or making any computation under section 430 with respect to valuation dates occurring during 2008.
| Age | Male
|
|---|