529.1030—Formalin.
(a) Specifications.
Formalin is an aqueous solution containing approximately 37 percent by weight of formaldehyde gas, U.S.P.
(b) Sponsors.
See sponsors in § 510.600(c) of this chapter for uses as in paragraph (d) of this section.
(1)
Nos. 049968, 050378, and 067188 for use as in paragraphs (d)(1)(iii), (d)(1)(iv), (d)(1)(v), (d)(2)(iii), (d)(2)(iv), (d)(2)(v), and (d)(3).
(1) Indications for use.
(i)
Select finfish. For control of external protozoa Ichthyophthirius spp., Chilodonella spp., Ichthyobodo spp., Ambiphrya spp., Epistylis spp., and Trichodina spp., and monogenetic trematodes Cleidodiscus spp., Gyrodactylus spp., and Dactylogyrus spp., on salmon, trout, catfish, largemouth bass, and bluegill.
(ii)
Select finfish eggs. For control of fungi of the family Saprolegniaceae on salmon, trout, and esocid eggs.
(iii)
Penaeid shrimp. For control of external protozoan parasites Bodo spp., Epistylis spp., and Zoothamnium spp.
(iv)
All finfish. For control of external protozoa Ichthyophthirius spp., Chilodonella spp., Ichthyobodo spp., Ambiphrya spp., Epistylis spp., and Trichodina spp., and monogenetic trematodes Cleidodiscus spp., Gyrodactylus spp., and Dactylogyrus spp.
| Fish | Concentration of formalin (microliters per liter) | |
|---|---|---|
| Tanks and raceways (for up to 1 hour daily) | Earthen ponds (indefinitely) | |
| Salmon and trout: | ||
| Above 50 °F | Up to 170 | 15-25 |
| Below 50 °F | Up to 250 | 15-25 |
| Catfish, largemouth bass, and bluegill | Up to 250 | 1 15-25 |
| 1 Use the lower concentrations when pond is heavily loaded with fish or phytoplankton. | ||
(ii)
For control of fungi of the Saprolegniaceae on salmon, trout, and esocid eggs: Apply in constant flow water supply of incubating facilities for 15 minutes. Concentration of formalin used is 1,000 to 2,000 microliters per liter.
| Shrimp | Concentration of formalin (microliters per liter) | |
|---|---|---|
| Tanks and raceways (up to 4 hours daily) | Earthen ponds (single treatment) | |
| Penaeid Shrimp | 50 to 100 1 | 25 2 |
| 1 Treat for up to 4 hours daily. Treatment may be repeated daily until parasite control is achieved. Use the lower concentration when the tanks and raceways are heavily loaded. | ||
| 2 Single treatment. Treatment may be repeated in 5 to 10 days if needed. | ||
| Aquatic species | Administer in tanks and raceways for up to 1 hour (microliter/liter or part per million (µL/L or ppm)) | Administer in earthen ponds indefinitely (µL/L or ppm) |
|---|---|---|
| Salmon and trout: | ||
| Above 50 °F | Up to 170 | 15 to 25 1,2 |
| Below 50 °F | Up to 250 | 15 to 25 1,2 |
| All other finfish | Up to 250 | 15 to 25 1,2 |
| 1 Use the lower concentration when ponds, tanks, or raceways are heavily loaded with phytoplankton or fish to avoid oxygen depletion due to the biological oxygen demand by decay of dead phytoplankton. Alternatively, a higher concentration may be used if dissolved oxygen is strictly monitored. | ||
| 2 Although the indicated concentrations are considered safe for cold and warm water finfish, a small number of each lot or pond to be treated should always be used to check for any unusual sensitivity to formalin before proceeding. | ||
(v)
For control of fungi of the family Saprolegniaceae on all finfish eggs: Eggs of all finfish except Acipenseriformes, 1,000 to 2,000 µL/L (ppm) for 15 minutes; eggs of Acipenseriformes, up to 1,500 µL/L (ppm) for 15 minutes.
(3) Limitations.
Fish tanks and raceways may be treated daily until parasite control is achieved. Pond treatment may be repeated in 5 to 10 days if needed. However, pond treatments for Ichthyophthirius should be made at 2-day intervals until control is achieved. Egg tanks may be treated as often as necessary to prevent growth of fungi. Do not use formalin which has been subjected to temperatures below 40 °F, or allowed to freeze. Do not treat ponds containing striped bass. Treatments in tanks should never exceed 1 hour even if fish show no signs of stress. Do not apply formalin to ponds with water warmer than 27 °C (80 °F), when a heavy bloom of phytoplankton is present, or when the concentration of dissolved oxygen is less than 5 milligrams per liter.