434.401—Electrical power and lighting systems.
Electrical power and lighting systems, other than those systems or portions thereof required for emergency use only, shall meet these requirements.
401.1Electrical Distribution Systems.
401.1.1Check Metering. Single-tenant buildings with a service over 250 kVA and tenant spaces with a connected load over 100 kVA in multiple-tenant buildings shall have provisions for check metering of electrical consumption. The electrical power feeders for which provision for check metering is required shall be subdivided as follows:
401.1.1.1Lighting and receptacle outlets
401.1.1.2HVAC systems and equipment
401.1.1.3Service water heating (SWH), elevators, and special occupant equipment or systems of more than 20 kW.
401.1.1.4Exception to 401.1.1.1 through 401.1.1.3: 10 percent or less of the loads on a feeder may be from another usage or category.
401.1.2Tenant-shared HVAC and service hot water systems in multiple tenant buildings shall have provision to be separately check metered.
401.1.3Subdivided feeders shall contain provisions for portable or permanent check metering. The minimum acceptable arrangement for compliance shall provide a safe method for access by qualified persons to the enclosures through which feeder conductors pass and provide sufficient space to attach clamp-on or split core current transformers. These enclosures may be separate compartments or combined spaces with electrical cabinets serving another function. Dedicated enclosures so furnished shall be identified as to measuring function available.
401.1.4Electrical Schematic. The person responsible for installing the electrical distribution system shall provide the Federal building manager a single-line diagram of the record drawing for the electrical distribution system, which includes the location of check metering access, schematic diagrams of non-HVAC electrical control systems, and electrical equipment manufacturer's operating and maintenance literature.
401.2Electric Motors. All permanently wired polyphase motors of 1 hp or more shall meet these requirements:
401.2.1Efficiency. NEMA design A & B squirrel-cage, foot-mounted, T-frame induction motors having synchronous speeds of 3600, 1800, 1200, and 900 rpm, expected to operate more than 1000 hours per year shall have a nominal full-load efficiency no less than that shown in Table 401.2.1 or shall be classified as an “energy efficient motor” in accordance with RS-3 (incorporated by reference, see § 434.701 ). The following are not covered:
(b)
Motors used as a component of the equipment meeting the minimum equipment efficiency requirements of sub section 403, provided that the motor input is included when determining the equipment efficiency.
| HP | 2-Pole | 4-Pole | 6-Pole | 8-Pole | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominal efficiency | Minimum efficiency | Nominal efficiency | Minimum efficiency | Nominal efficiency | Minimum efficiency | Nominal efficiency | Minimum efficiency | |
| Full-Load Efficiencies—Open Motors | ||||||||
| 1.0 | 82.5 | 81.5 | 80.0 | 78.5 | 74.0 | 72.0 | ||
| 1.5 | 82.5 | 81.5 | 84.0 | 82.5 | 84.0 | 82.5 | 75.5 | 74.0 |
| 2.0 | 84.0 | 82.5 | 84.0 | 82.5 | 85.5 | 84.0 | 85.5 | 84.0 |
| 3.0 | 84.0 | 82.5 | 86.5 | 85.5 | 86.5 | 85.5 | 86.5 | 85.5 |
| 5.0 | 85.5 | 84.0 | 87.5 | 86.5 | 87.5 | 86.5 | 87.5 | 86.0 |
| 7.5 | 87.5 | 86.5 | 88.5 | 87.5 | 88.5 | 87.5 | 88.5 | 87.5 |
| 10.0 | 88.5 | 87.5 | 89.5 | 88.5 | 90.2 | 89.5 | 89.5 | 88.5 |
| 15.0 | 89.5 | 88.5 | 91.0 | 90.2 | 90.2 | 89.5 | 89.5 | 88.5 |
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| 20.0 | 90.2 | 89.5 | 91.0 | 90.2 | 91.0 | 90.2 | 90.2 | 89.5 |
| 25.0 | 91.0 | 90.2 | 91.7 | 91.0 | 91.7 | 91.0 | 90.2 | 89.5 |
| 30.0 | 91.0 | 90.2 | 92.4 | 91.7 | 92.4 | 91.7 | 91.7 | 90.2 |
| 40.0 | 91.7 | 91.0 | 93.0 | 92.4 | 93.0 | 92.4 | 91.0 | 90.2 |
| 50.0 | 92.4 | 91.7 | 93.0 | 92.4 | 93.0 | 92.4 | 91.7 | 91.0 |
| 60.0 | 93.0 | 92.4 | 93.6 | 93.0 | 93.6 | 93.0 | 92.4 | 91.7 |
| 75.0 | 93.0 | 92.4 | 94.1 | 93.6 | 93.6 | 93.0 | 93.6 | 93.0 |
| 100.0 | 93.0 | 92.4 | 94.1 | 93.6 | 94.1 | 93.6 | 93.6 | 93.0 |
| 125.0 | 93.6 | 93.0 | 94.5 | 94.1 | 94.1 | 93.6 | 93.6 | 93.0 |
| 150.0 | 93.6 | 93.0 | 95.0 | 94.5 | 94.5 | 94.1 | 93.6 | 93.0 |
| 200.0 | 94.5 | 94.1 | 95.0 | 94.5 | 94.5 | 94.1 | 93.6 | 93.0 |
| Full-Load Efficiencies—Enclosed Motors | ||||||||
| 1.0 | 75.5 | 74.5 | 82.5 | 81.5 | 80.0 | 78.5 | 74.0 | 72.0 |
| 1.5 | 82.5 | 81.5 | 84.0 | 82.5 | 85.5 | 84.0 | 77.0 | 75.5 |
| 2.0 | 84.0 | 82.5 | 84.5 | 82.5 | 86.5 | 85.5 | 82.5 | 81.5 |
| 3.0 | 85.5 | 84.0 | 87.5 | 86.5 | 87.5 | 86.5 | 84.0 | 82.5 |
| 5.0 | 87.5 | 86.5 | 87.5 | 86.5 | 87.5 | 86.5 | 85.5 | 84.0 |
| 7.5 | 88.5 | 87.5 | 89.5 | 88.5 | 89.5 | 88.5 | 85.5 | 84.0 |
| 10.0 | 89.5 | 88.5 | 89.5 | 88.5 | 89.5 | 88.5 | 88.5 | 87.5 |
| 15.0 | 90.2 | 89.5 | 91.0 | 90.2 | 90.2 | 89.5 | 88.5 | 87.5 |
| 20.0 | 90.2 | 89.5 | 91.0 | 90.2 | 90.2 | 89.5 | 89.5 | 88.5 |
| 25.0 | 91.0 | 90.2 | 92.4 | 91.7 | 91.7 | 91.0 | 89.5 | 88.5 |
| 30.0 | 91.0 | 90.2 | 92.4 | 91.7 | 91.7 | 91.0 | 91.0 | 90.2 |
| 40.0 | 91.7 | 91.0 | 93.0 | 92.4 | 93.0 | 92.4 | 91.0 | 90.2 |
| 50.0 | 92.4 | 91.7 | 93.0 | 92.4 | 93.0 | 92.4 | 91.7 | 91.0 |
| 60.0 | 93.0 | 92.4 | 93.6 | 93.0 | 93.6 | 93.0 | 91.7 | 91.0 |
| 75.0 | 93.0 | 92.4 | 94.1 | 93.6 | 93.6 | 93.0 | 93.0 | 92.4 |
| 100.0 | 93.6 | 93.0 | 94.5 | 94.1 | 94.1 | 93.6 | 93.0 | 92.4 |
| 125.0 | 94.5 | 94.1 | 94.5 | 94.1 | 94.1 | 93.6 | 93.6 | 93.0 |
| 150.0 | 94.5 | 94.1 | 95.0 | 94.5 | 94.5 | 94.1 | 94.1 | 93.0 |
| 200.0 | 95.0 | 94.5 | 95.0 | 94.5 | 95.0 | 94.5 | 94.1 | 93.6 |
| 1 For many applications, efficiencies greater than those listed are likely to be cost-effective. Guidance for evaluating the cost effectiveness of energy efficient motor applications is given in RS-43 and RS-44 (incorporated by reference, see § 434.701 ). | ||||||||
401.3Lighting Power Allowance. The lighting system shall meet the provisions of sub sections 401.3.1 through 401.3.5.
401.3.1Building Exteriors. The total connected exterior lighting power for the building, or a facility containing multiple buildings, shall not exceed the total exterior lighting power allowance, which is the sum of the individual allowances determined from Table 401.3.1. The individual allowances are determined by multiplying the specific area or length of each area description times the allowance for that area. Exceptions are as follows: Lighting for outdoor manufacturing or processing facilities, commercial greenhouses, outdoor athletic facilities, public monuments, designated high-risk security areas, signs, retail storefronts, exterior enclosed display windows, and lighting specifically required by local ordinances and regulations.
| Area description | Allowance |
|---|---|
| Exit (with or without canopy) | 25 W/lin ft of door opening. |
| Entrance (without canopy) | 30 W/lin ft of door opening. |
| Entrance (with canopy): | |
| High Traffic (retail, hotel, airport, theater, etc.) | 10 W/ft 2 of canopied area. |
| Light Traffic (hospital, office, school, etc.) | 4 W/ft 2 of canopied area. |
| Loading area | 0.40 W/ft 2. |
| Loading door | 20 W/lin ft of door opening. |
| Building exterior surfaces/facades | 0.25 W/ft 2 of surface area to be illuminated. |
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| Storage and non-manufacturing work areas | 0.20 W/ft 2. |
| Other activity areas for casual use such as picnic grounds, gardens, parks, and other landscaped areas | 0.10 W/ft 2. |
| Private driveways/walkways | 0.10 W/ft 2. |
| Public driveways/walkways | 0.15 W/ft 2. |
| Private parking lots | 0.12 W/ft 2. |
| Public parking lots | 0.18 W/ft 2. |
401.3.1.1Trade-offs of exterior lighting budgets among exterior areas shall be allowed provided the total connected lighting power of the exterior area does not exceed the exterior lighting power allowance. Trade-offs between interior lighting power allowances and exterior lighting power allowances shall not be allowed.
401.3.2Building interiors. The total connected interior lighting power for a building, including adjustments in accordance with sub section 401.3.3, shall not exceed the total interior lighting power allowance explained in this paragraph. Using Table 401.3.2a, multiply the interior lighting power allowance value by the gross lighted area of the most appropriate building or space activity. For multi-use buildings, using Table 401.3.2a, select the interior power allowance value for each activity using the column for the gross lighted area of the whole building and multiply it by the associated gross area for that activity. The interior lighting power allowance is the sum of all the wattages for each area/activity. Using Table 401.3.2b, c, or d, multiply the interior lighting power allowance values of each individual area/activity by the area of the space and by the area factor from Figure 401.3.2e, based on the most appropriate area/activity provided. The interior lighting power allowance is the sum of the wattages for each individual space. When over 20% of the building's tasks or interior areas are undefined, the most appropriate value for that building from Table 401.3.2a shall be used for the undefined spaces. Exceptions are as follows:
(a)
Lighting power that is an essential technical element for the function performed in theatrical, stage, broadcasting, and similar uses.
401.3.2.1Trade-offs of the interior lighting power budgets among interior spaces shall be allowed provided the total connected lighting power within the building does not exceed the interior lighting power allowance. Trade-offs between interior lighting power allowances and exterior lighting power allowances shall not be allowed.
401.3.2.2Building/Space Activities. Definitions of buildings/space activity as they apply to Table 401.3.2a are as follows. These definitions are necessary to characterize the activities for which lighting is provided. They are applicable only to Table 401.3.2a. They are not intended to be used elsewhere in place of building use group definitions provided in the Building Code. They are not included in § 434.201, “Definitions,” to avoid confusion with “Occupancy Type Categories.”
(a) Food service, fast food, and cafeteria:
This group includes cafeterias, hamburger and sandwich stores, bakeries, ice cream parlors, cookie stores, and all other kinds of retail food service establishments in which customers are generally served at a counter and their direct selections are paid for and taken to a table or carried out.
(b) Garages:
This category includes all types of parking garages, except for service or repair areas.
(c) Leisure dining and bar:
This group includes cafes, diners, bars, lounges, and similar establishments where orders are placed with a wait person.
(d) Mall concourse, multi-store service:
This group includes the interior of multifunctional public spaces, such as shopping center malls, airports, resort concourses and malls, entertainment facilities, and related types of buildings or spaces.
(e) Offices:
This group includes all kinds of offices, including corporate and professional offices, office/laboratories, governmental offices, libraries, and similar facilities, where paperwork occurs.
(f) Retail:
A retail store, including departments for the sale of accessories, clothing, dry goods, electronics, and toys, and other types of establishments that display objects for direct selection and purchase by consumers. Direct selection means literally removing an item from display and carrying it to the checkout or pick-up at a customer service facility.
(g) Schools:
This category, subdivided by pre-school/elementary, junior high/high school, and technical/vocational, includes public and private educational institutions, for children or adults, and may also include community centers, college and university buildings, and business educational centers.
(h) Service establishment:
A retail-like facility, such as watch repair, real estate offices, auto and tire service facilities, parts departments, travel agencies and similar facilities, in which the customer obtains services rather than the direct selection of goods.
(i) Warehouse and storage:
This includes all types of support facilities, such as warehouses, barns, storage buildings, shipping/receiving buildings, boiler or mechanical buildings, electric power buildings, and similar buildings where the primary visual task is large items.
| Building space activity 1 | Gross lighted area of total building | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 to 2,000 ft 2 | 2,001 to 10,000 ft 2 | 10,001 to 25,000 ft 2 | 25,001 to 50,000 ft 2 | 50,001 to 250,000 ft 2 | 250,000 ft 2 | |
| Food Service: | ||||||
| Fast Food/Cafeteria | 1.50 | 1.38 | 1.34 | 1.32 | 1.31 | 1.30 |
| Leisure Dining/Bar | 2.20 | 1.91 | 1.71 | 1.56 | 1.46 | 1.40 |
| Offices | 1.90 | 1.81 | 1.72 | 1.65 | 1.57 | 1.50 |
| Retail 3 | 3.30 | 3.08 | 2.83 | 2.50 | 2.28 | 2.10 |
| Mall Concourse Multi-store Service | 1.60 | 1.58 | 1.52 | 1.46 | 1.43 | 1.40 |
| Service Establishment | 2.70 | 2.37 | 2.08 | 1.92 | 1.80 | 1.70 |
| Garages | 0.30 | 0.28 | 0.24 | 0.22 | 0.21 | 0.20 |
| Schools: | ||||||
| Preschool/Elementary | 1.80 | 1.80 | 1.72 | 1.65 | 1.57 | 1.50 |
| Jr. High/High School | 1.90 | 1.90 | 1.88 | 1.83 | 1.76 | 1.70 |
| Technical/Vocational | 2.40 | 2.33 | 2.17 | 2.01 | 1.84 | 1.70 |
| Warehouse/Storage | 0.80 | 0.66 | 0.56 | 0.48 | 0.43 | 0.40 |
| 1 If at least 10% of the building area is intended for multiple space activities, such as parking, retail, and storage in an office building, then calculate for each separate building type/space activity. | ||||||
| 2 The values in the categories are building wide allowances which include the listed activity and directly related facilities such as conference rooms, lobbies, corridors, restrooms, etc. | ||||||
| 3 Includes general, merchandising, and display lighting. | ||||||
| Common area/activity 1 | UPD W/ft 2 |
|---|---|
| Auditorium 2 | 1.4 |
| Corridor 3 | 0.8 |
| Classroom/Lecture Hall | 2.0 |
| Electrical/Mechanical Equipment Room: | |
| General 3 | 0.7 |
| Control Rooms 3 | 1.5 |
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| Food Service: | |
| Fast Food/Cafeteria | 1.3 |
| Leisure Dining 4 | 1.4 |
| Bar/Lounge 4 | 2.5 |
| Kitchen | 1.4 |
| Recreation/Lounge | 0.7 |
| Stair: | |
| Active Traffic | 0.6 |
| Emergency Exit | 0.4 |
| Toilet & Washroom | 0.8 |
| Garage: | |
| Auto & Pedestrian Circulation Area | 0.3 |
| Parking Area | 0.2 |
| Laboratory | 2.2 |
| Library: | |
| Audio Visual | 1.1 |
| Stack Area | 1.1 |
| Card File & Cataloging | 0.8 |
| Reading Area | 1.1 |
| Lobby (General): | |
| Reception & Waiting | 1.0 |
| Elevator Lobbies | 0.4 |
| Atrium (Multi-Story): | |
| First 3 Floors | 0.7 |
| Each Additional Floor | 0.2 |
| Locker Room & Shower | 0.8 |
| Office Category 1 | |
| Enclosed offices, all open plan offices w/o partitions or w/partitions 6 lower than 4.5 ft below the ceiling. 5 | |
| Reading, Typing and Filing | 1.5 |
| Drafting | 1.9 |
| Accounting | 1.6 |
| Office Category 2: | |
| Open plan offices 900 ft 2 or larger w/partitions | |
| 1 3.5 to 4.5 ft below the ceiling. | |
| Offices less than 900 ft2 shall use category 1 3 | |
| Reading, Typing and Filing | 1.5 |
| Drafting | 2.0 |
| Accounting | 1.8 |
| Office Category 3: | |
| Open plan offices 900 ft 2 or larger w/partitions 6 higher than 3.5 ft below the ceiling. | |
| Offices less than 900 ft /2 shall use category 1. 3 | |
| Reading, Typing and Filing | 1.7 |
| Drafting | 2.3 |
| Accounting | 1.9 |
| Common Activity Areas | |
| Conference/Meeting Room 2 | 1.3 |
| Computer/Office Equipment | 1.1 |
| Filing, Inactive | 1.0 |
| Mail Room | 1.8 |
| Shop (Non-Industrial): | |
| Machinery | 2.5 |
| Electrical/Electronic | 2.5 |
| Painting | 1.6 |
| Carpentry | 2.3 |
| Welding | 1.2 |
| Storage and Warehouse; | |
| Inactive Storage | 0.2 |
| Active Storage, Bulky | 0.3 |
| Active Storage, Fine | 0.9 |
| Material Handling | 1.0 |
| Unlisted Space | 0.2 |
| 1 Use a weighted average UPD in rooms with multiple simultaneous activities, weighted in proportion to the area served. | |
| 2 A 1.5 power adjustment factor is applicable for multi-function spaces when a supplementary system having independent controls is installed that has installed power ≤ 33% of the adjusted lighting power for that space. | |
| 3 Area factor of 1.0 shall be used for these spaced. | |
| 4 UPD includes lighting power required for clean-up purposes. | |
| 5 Area factor shall not exceed 1.55. | |
| 6 Not less than 90 percent of all work stations shall be individually enclosed with partitions of at least the height described. | |
| Specific building area/activity 1 | UPD W/ft 2 |
|---|---|
| Airport, Bus and Rail Station: | |
| Baggage Area | 0.8 |
| Concourse/Main Thruway | 0.9 |
| Ticket Counter | 2.0 |
| Waiting & Lounge Area | 0.8 |
| Bank: | |
| Customer Area | 1.0 |
| Banking Activity Area | 2.2 |
| Barber & Beauty Parlor | 1.6 |
| Church, Synagogue, Chapel: | |
| Worship/Congregational | 1.7 |
| Preaching & Sermon/Choir | 1.8 |
| Dormitory: | |
| Bedroom | 1.0 |
| Bedroom w/Study | 1.3 |
| Study Hall | 1.2 |
| Fire & Police Department: | |
| Fire Engine Room | 0.7 |
| Jail Cell | 0.8 |
| Hospital/Nursing Home: | |
| Corridor 3 | 1.3 |
| Dental Suite/Examination/Treatment | 1.6 |
| Emergency | 2.0 |
| Laboratory | 1.7 |
| Lounge/Waiting Room | 0.9 |
| Medical Supplies | 2.4 |
| Nursery | 1.6 |
| Nurse Station | 1.8 |
| Occupational Therapy/Physical Therapy | 1.4 |
| Patient Room | 1.2 |
| Pharmacy | 1.5 |
| Radiology | 1.8 |
| Surgical & Obstetrics Suites: | |
| General Area | 1.8 |
| Operating Room | 6.0 |
| Recovery | 2.0 |
| Hotel/Conference Center: | |
| Banquet Room/Multipurpose 2 | 1.7 |
| Bathroom/Powder Room | 1.2 |
| Guest Room | 0.9 |
| Public Area | 1.0 |
| Exhibition Hall | 1.8 |
| Conference/Meeting 2 | 1.5 |
| Lobby | 1.5 |
| Reception Desk | 2.4 |
| Laundry: | |
| Washing | 0.9 |
| Ironing & Sorting | 1.3 |
| Museum & Gallery: | |
| General Exhibition | 1.9 |
| Inspection/Restoration | 3.0 |
| Storage (Artifacts): | |
| Inactive | 0.6 |
| Active | 0.7 |
| Post Office: | |
| Lobby | 1.1 |
| Sorting & Mailing | 2.1 |
| Service Station/Auto Repair | 0.8 |
| Theater: | |
| Performance Arts | 1.3 |
| Motion Picture | 1.0 |
| Lobby | 1.3 |
| Retail Establishments—Merchandising & Circulation Area (Applicable to all lighting, including accent and display lighting, installed in merchandising and circulation areas): | |
| Type 1: Jewelry merchandising, where minute examination of displayed merchandise is critical. | 5.6 |
| Type 2: Fine merchandising, such as fine apparel and accessories, china, crystal, and silver art galleries and where the detailed display and examination of merchandising is important. | 2.9 |
| Type 3: Mass merchandising, such as general apparel, variety goods, stationary, books, sporting goods, hobby materials, cameras, gifts, and luggage, displayed in a warehouse type of building, where focused display and detailed examination of merchandise is important. | 2.7 |
| Type 4: General merchandising, such as general apparel, variety goods, stationary, books, sporting goods, hobby materials, cameras, gifts, and luggage, displayed in a department store type of building, where general display and examination of merchandise is adequate. | 2.3 |
| Type 5: Food and miscellaneous such as bakeries, hardware and housewares, grocery stores, appliance and furniture stores, where pleasant appearance is important. | 2.4 |
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